Using ergonomics to prevent injuries
Workers in many different occupations perform tasks such as lifting heavy items, bending, reaching overhead, pushing and pulling heavy loads, working in awkward positions, and performing repetitive tasks. These activities can cause injuries called musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). In fact, about a third of all workplace injuries are MSD cases.
Ergonomics is the science of fitting a job to a person, which helps lessen muscle fatigue and increases productivity. Applying ergonomic principles can reduce the number and severity of MSDs, and their associated costs. The following are important elements of an ergonomic process:
Management Support — Strong management commitment is critical to a successful ergonomic process. Management should define clear goals and objectives, discuss them with workers, assign responsibilities to designated staff members, and communicate clearly with the workforce. An ergonomic process should be viewed as an ongoing function rather than as a one-time project.
Involve Workers — Get workers involved in assessing risks, developing solutions, and implementing corrections. Workers can provide important information about hazards, offer suggestions for mitigation, and help evaluate the effectiveness of changes made.
Provide Training — Training ensures that workers are aware of ergonomics and its benefits, recognize the symptoms of MSDs, and understand the importance of reporting any symptoms immediately.
Identify Problems and Implement Solutions — The process should identify and assess ergonomic problems before they result in MSDs. Many possible solutions can be implemented to reduce, control, or eliminate workplace MSDs.
Encourage Early Reporting of Symptoms — Early reporting can help identify jobs with risk factors, which prevents symptoms from getting worse. When addressed quickly, this prevents the development of more serious injuries.
Evaluate Progress — Employers should periodically assess the effectiveness of the process to ensure its long-term success. Assessments should include determining whether goals set for the process have been met and determining whether the solutions adopted are effective.