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(a) For a new or reconstructed affected source, you must limit organic HAP emissions to the atmosphere to no more than the emission limit(s) in Table 1 to this subpart that apply to you during each 12-month compliance period, determined according to the requirements in §63.3521, §63.3531, or §63.3541; or if you control emissions with an emissions control system using the control efficiency/outlet concentration option as specified in §63.3491(d), you must reduce organic HAP emissions to the atmosphere to no more than the limit(s) in Table 3 to this subpart, determined according to the requirements of §63.3551. If you perform surface coating in more than one subcategory or utilize more than one coating type within a subcategory, then you must meet the individual emission limit(s) for each subcategory and coating type included.
(b) For an existing affected source, you must limit organic HAP emissions to the atmosphere to no more than the emission limit(s) in Table 2 to this subpart that apply to you during each 12-month compliance period, determined according to the requirements in §63.3521, §63.3531, or §63.3541; or if you control emissions with an emissions control system using the control efficiency/outlet concentration option as specified in §63.3491(d), you must reduce organic HAP emissions to the atmosphere to no more than the limit(s) in Table 3 to this subpart, determined according to the requirements of §63.3551. If you perform surface coating in more than one subcategory or utilize more than one coating type within a subcategory, then you must meet the individual emission limit(s) for each subcategory and coating type included.
(c) If you perform surface coating in different subcategories as described in §63.3481(a)(1) through (4), then the coating operations in each subcategory constitute a separate affected source, and you must conduct separate compliance demonstrations for each applicable subcategory and coating type emission limit in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section and reflect those separate determinations in notifications, reports, and records required by §§63.3510, 63.3511, and 63.3512, respectively.
You must include all coatings and thinners used in all surface coating operations within a subcategory or coating type segment when determining whether the organic HAP emission rate is equal to or less than the applicable emission limit in §63.3490. To make that determination, you must use at least one of the four compliance options listed in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section. You may apply any of the compliance options to an individual coating operation or to multiple coating operations within a subcategory or coating type segment as a group. You may use different compliance options for different coating operations or at different times on the same coating operation. However, you may not use different compliance options at the same time on the same coating operation. If you switch between compliance options for any coating operation or group of coating operations, you must document that switch as required by §63.3512(c), and you must report it in the next semiannual compliance report required in §63.3511.
(a) Compliant material option. Demonstrate that the organic HAP content of each coating used in the coating operation(s) is less than or equal to the applicable emission limit in §63.3490, and that each thinner used contains no organic HAP. You must meet all the requirements of §§63.3520, 63.3521, and 63.3522 to demonstrate compliance with the emission limit using this option.
(b) Emission rate without add-on controls option. Demonstrate that, based on the coatings and thinners used in the coating operation(s), the organic HAP emission rate for the coating operation(s) is less than or equal to the applicable emission limit in §63.3490, calculated as a rolling 12-month emission rate and determined on a monthly basis. You must meet all the requirements of §§63.3530, 63.3531, and 63.3532 to demonstrate compliance with the emission limit using this option.
(c) Emission rate with add-on controls option. Demonstrate that, based on the coatings and thinners used in the coating operation(s) and the emission reductions achieved by emission capture systems and add-on controls, the organic HAP emission rate for the coating operation(s) is less than or equal to the applicable emission limit in §63.3490, calculated as a rolling 12-month emission rate and determined on a monthly basis. If you use this compliance option, you must also demonstrate that all emission capture systems and add-on control devices for the coating operation(s) used for purposes of complying with this subpart meet the operating limits required in §63.3492, except for solvent recovery systems for which you conduct liquid-liquid material balances according to §63.3541(i), and that you meet the work practice standards required in §63.3493. You must meet all the requirements of §§63.3540 through 63.3547 to demonstrate compliance with the emission limits, operating limits, and work practice standards using this option.
(d) Control efficiency/outlet concentration option. Demonstrate that, based on the emission reductions achieved by emission capture systems and add-on controls, total HAP emissions measured as total hydrocarbon (THC) are reduced by 95 percent or greater for existing sources, or 97 percent or greater for new or reconstructed sources, or that outlet THC emissions are less than or equal to 20 parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppmvd). If you use this compliance option, you must have a capture device that meets EPA Method 204 of 40 CFR part 51, appendix M criteria for a permanent total enclosure (PTE). You must also demonstrate that all emission capture systems and add-on control devices for the coating operation(s) used for purposes of complying with this subpart meet the operating limits required in §63.3492, and that you meet the work practice standards required in §63.3493. You must meet all the requirements of §§63.3550 through 63.3557 to demonstrate compliance with the emission limits, operating limits, and work practice standards using this option.
(a) For any coating operation(s) on which you use the compliant material option or the emission rate without add-on controls option, you are not required to meet any operating limits.
(b) For any controlled coating operation(s) on which you use the emission rate with add-on controls option or the control efficiency/outlet concentration option, except those for which you use a solvent recovery system and conduct a liquid-liquid material balance according to §63.3541(i), you must meet the operating limits specified in Table 4 to this subpart. Those operating limits apply to the emission capture and control systems for the coating operation(s) used for purposes of complying with this subpart. You must establish the operating limits during the performance tests required in §63.3540 or §63.3550 according to the requirements in §63.3546 or §63.3556. You must meet the operating limits established during the most recent performance tests required in §63.3540 or §63.3550 at all times after they have been established during the performance test.
(c) If you use an add-on control device other than those listed in Table 4 to this subpart or wish to monitor an alternative parameter and comply with a different operating limit, you must apply to the Administrator for approval of alternative monitoring under §63.8(f).
[68 FR 64446, Nov. 13, 2003, as amended at 71 FR 1383, Jan. 6, 2006; 85 FR 10847, Feb, 25, 2020]
(a) For any coating operation(s) for which you use the compliant material option or the emission rate without add-on controls option, you are not required to meet any work practice standards.
(b) If you use the emission rate with add-on controls option or the control efficiency/outlet concentration option to comply with the emission limitations, you must develop and implement a work practice plan to minimize organic HAP emissions from the storage, mixing, and conveying of coatings, thinners, and cleaning materials used in, and waste materials generated by, the coating operation(s) for which you use those options; or you must meet an alternative standard as provided in paragraph (c) of this section. The plan must specify practices and procedures to ensure that, at a minimum, the elements specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section are implemented.
(1) All organic-HAP-containing coatings, thinners, cleaning materials, and waste materials must be stored in closed containers.
(2) Spills of organic-HAP-containing coatings, thinners, cleaning materials, and waste materials must be minimized.
(3) Organic-HAP-containing coatings, thinners, cleaning materials, and waste materials must be conveyed from one location to another in closed containers or pipes.
(4) Mixing vessels which contain organic-HAP-containing coatings and other materials must be closed except when adding to, removing, or mixing the contents.
(5) Emissions of organic HAP must be minimized during cleaning of storage, mixing, and conveying equipment.
(c) As provided in §63.6(g), we, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), may choose to grant you permission to use an alternative to the work practice standards in this section.