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For any equipment, emission stream, or wastewater stream not subject to §63.2493 but subject to other provisions of both this subpart and another subpart, you may elect to comply only with the provisions as specified in paragraphs (a) through (l) of this section. You also must identify the subject equipment, emission stream, or wastewater stream, and the provisions with which you will comply, in your notification of compliance status report required by §63.2520(d).
(a) Compliance with other subparts of this part 63. (1) If you have an MCPU that includes a batch process vent that also is part of a CMPU as defined in subparts F and G of this part 63, you must comply with the emission limits; operating limits; work practice standards; and the compliance, monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements for batch process vents in this subpart, and you must continue to comply with the requirements in subparts F, G, and H of this part 63 that are applicable to the CMPU and associated equipment.
(2) After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, at an offsite reloading or cleaning facility subject to §63.1253(f), as referenced from §63.2470(e), compliance with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting provisions of any other subpart of this part 63 constitutes compliance with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting provisions of §63.1253(f)(7)(ii) or §63.1253(f)(7)(iii). You must identify in your notification of compliance status report required by §63.2520(d) the subpart of this part 63 with which the owner or operator of the offsite reloading or cleaning facility complies.
(b) Compliance with 40 CFR parts 264 and 265, subparts AA, BB, and/or CC. (1) After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, if a control device that you use to comply with this subpart is also subject to monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements in 40 CFR part 264, subpart AA, BB, or CC; or the monitoring and recordkeeping requirements in 40 CFR part 265, subpart AA, BB, or CC; and you comply with the periodic reporting requirements under 40 CFR part 264, subpart AA, BB, or CC that would apply to the device if your facility had final-permitted status, you may elect to comply either with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements of this subpart; or with the monitoring and recordkeeping requirements in 40 CFR part 264 or 265 and the reporting requirements in 40 CFR part 264, as described in this paragraph (b)(1), which constitute compliance with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements of this subpart. If you elect to comply with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements in 40 CFR parts 264 and/or 265, you must report the information described in §63.2520(e).
(2) After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, if you have an affected source with equipment that is also subject to 40 CFR part 264, subpart BB, or to 40 CFR part 265, subpart BB, then compliance with the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of 40 CFR parts 264 and/or 265 may be used to comply with the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of this subpart, to the extent that the requirements of 40 CFR parts 264 and/or 265 duplicate the requirements of this subpart.
(c) Compliance with 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb and 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y. After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, you are in compliance with the provisions of this subpart FFFF for any storage tank that is assigned to an MCPU and that is both controlled with a floating roof and in compliance with the provisions of either 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb, or 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y. You are in compliance with this subpart FFFF if you have a storage tank with a fixed roof, closed-vent system, and control device in compliance with the provisions of either 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb, or 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y, except that you must comply with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements in this subpart FFFF. Alternatively, if a storage tank assigned to an MCPU is subject to control under 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb, or 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y, you may elect to comply only with the requirements for Group 1 storage tanks in this subpart FFFF.
(d) Compliance with subpart I, GGG, or MMM of this part. After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, if you have an affected source with equipment subject to subpart I, GGG, or MMM of this part, you may elect to comply with the provisions of subpart H, GGG, or MMM of this part, respectively, for all such equipment, except the affirmative defense requirements in subparts GGG and MMM no longer apply.
(e) Compliance with subpart GGG of this part 63 for wastewater. After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, if you have an affected source subject to this subpart and you have an affected source that generates wastewater streams that meet the applicability thresholds specified in §63.1256, you may elect to comply with the provisions of this subpart FFFF for all such wastewater streams.
(f) Compliance with subpart MMM of this part 63 for wastewater. After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, if you have an affected source subject to this subpart, and you have an affected source that generates wastewater streams that meet the applicability thresholds specified in §63.1362(d), you may elect to comply with the provisions of this subpart FFFF for all such wastewater streams (except that the 99 percent reduction requirement for streams subject to §63.1362(d)(10) still applies).
(g) Compliance with other regulations for wastewater. After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, if you have a Group 1 wastewater stream that is also subject to provisions in 40 CFR parts 260 through 272, you may elect to determine whether this subpart or 40 CFR parts 260 through 272 contain the more stringent control requirements (e.g., design, operation, and inspection requirements for waste management units; numerical treatment standards; etc.) and the more stringent testing, monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements. Compliance with provisions of 40 CFR parts 260 through 272 that are determined to be more stringent than the requirements of this subpart constitute compliance with this subpart. For example, provisions of 40 CFR parts parts 260 through 272 for treatment units that meet the conditions specified in §63.138(h) constitute compliance with this subpart. You must identify in the notification of compliance status report required by §63.2520(d) the information and procedures that you used to make any stringency determinations.
(h) Compliance with 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD, III, NNN, or RRR. After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, if you have an MCPU that contains equipment subject to the provisions of this subpart that are also subject to the provisions of 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD, III, NNN, or RRR, you may elect to apply this subpart to all such equipment in the MCPU. If an MCPU subject to the provisions of this subpart has equipment to which this subpart does not apply but which is subject to a standard in 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD, III, NNN, or RRR, you may elect to comply with the requirements for Group 1 process vents in this subpart for such equipment. If you elect any of these methods of compliance, you must consider all total organic compounds, minus methane and ethane, in such equipment for purposes of compliance with this subpart, as if they were organic HAP. Compliance with the provisions of this subpart, in the manner described in this paragraph (h), will constitute compliance with 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD, III, NNN, or RRR, as applicable.
(i) Compliance with 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB. (1) After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, a Group 1 transfer rack, as defined in §63.2550, that is also subject to the provisions of 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB, you are required to comply only with the provisions of this subpart.
(2) After the compliance dates specified in §63.2445, a Group 2 transfer rack, as defined in §63.2550, that is also subject to the provisions of 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB, is required to comply with the provisions of either paragraph (l)(2)(i) or (ii) of this section.
(i) If the transfer rack is subject to the control requirements specified in §61.302 of 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB, then you may elect to comply with either the requirements of 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB, or the requirements for Group 1 transfer racks under this subpart FFFF.
(ii) If the transfer rack is subject only to reporting and recordkeeping requirements under 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB, then you are required to comply only with the reporting and recordkeeping requirements specified in this subpart for Group 2 transfer racks, and you are exempt from the reporting and recordkeeping requirements in 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB.
(j) Compliance with 40 CFR part 61, subpart FF. After the compliance date specified in §63.2445, for a Group 1 or Group 2 wastewater stream that is also subject to the provisions of 40 CFR 61.342(c) through (h), and is not exempt under 40 CFR 61.342(c)(2) or (3), you may elect to comply only with the requirements for Group 1 wastewater streams in this subpart FFFF. If a Group 2 wastewater stream is exempted from 40 CFR 61.342(c)(1) under 40 CFR 61.342(c)(2) or (3), then you are required to comply only with the reporting and recordkeeping requirements specified in this subpart for Group 2 wastewater streams, and you are exempt from the requirements in 40 CFR part 61, subpart FF.
(k) Compliance with 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV or VVa, and 40 CFR part 61, subpart V. Except as specified in paragraphs (k)(1) and (2) of this section, after the compliance date specified in §63.2445, if you have an affected source with equipment that is also subject to the requirements of 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV or VVa, or 40 CFR part 61, subpart V, you may elect to apply this subpart to all such equipment. After the compliance date specified in §63.2445, if you have an affected source with equipment to which this subpart does not apply, but which is subject to the requirements of 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV or VVa, or 40 CFR part 61, subpart V, you may elect to apply this subpart to all such equipment. If you elect either of the methods of compliance in this paragraph (k), you must consider all total organic compounds, minus methane and ethane, in such equipment for purposes of compliance with this subpart, as if they were organic HAP. Compliance with the provisions of this subpart, in the manner described in this paragraph (k), will constitute compliance with 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV or VVa, or 40 CFR part 61, subpart V, as applicable.
(1) The provision in §63.2480(b)(4) does not apply to connectors in gas/vapor and light liquid service that are subject to monitoring under 40 CFR 60.482-11a if complying with the compliance option in this paragraph (k).
(2) Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in §63.2445(g), equipment that must be controlled according to this subpart and subpart VVa of 40 CFR part 60 is required only to comply with the equipment leak requirements of this subpart, except you must also comply with the calibration drift assessment requirements specified at 40 CFR 60.485a(b)(2) if they are required to do so in subpart VVa of 40 CFR part 60. When complying with the calibration drift assessment requirements at 40 CFR 60.485a(b)(2), the requirement at 40 CFR 60.486a(e)(8)(v) to record the instrument reading for each scale used applies.
(l) Applicability of process units included in a process unit group. You may elect to develop and comply with the requirements for PUG in accordance with paragraphs (l)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Procedures to create process unit groups. Develop and document changes in a PUG in accordance with the procedures specified in paragraphs (l)(1)(i) through (v) of this section.
(i) Initially, identify an MCPU that is created from nondedicated equipment that will operate on or after November 10, 2003 and identify all processing equipment that is part of this MCPU, based on descriptions in operating scenarios.
(ii) Add to the group any other nondedicated MCPU and other nondedicated process units expected to be operated in the 5 years after the date specified in paragraph (l)(1)(i) of this section, provided they satisfy the criteria specified in paragraphs (l)(1)(ii)(A) through (C) of this section. Also identify all of the processing equipment used for each process unit based on information from operating scenarios and other applicable documentation.
(A) Each process unit that is added to a group must have some processing equipment that is also part of one or more process units in the group.
(B) No process unit may be part of more than one PUG.
(C) The processing equipment used to satisfy the requirement of paragraph (l)(1)(ii)(A) of this section may not be a storage tank or control device.
(iii) The initial PUG consists of all of the processing equipment for the process units identified in paragraphs (l)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section. As an alternative to the procedures specified in paragraphs (l)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section, you may use a PUG that was developed in accordance with §63.1360(h) as your initial PUG.
(iv) Add process units developed in the future in accordance with the conditions specified in paragraphs (l)(1)(ii)(A) and (B) of this section.
(v) Maintain records that describe the process units in the initial PUG, the procedure used to create the PUG, and subsequent changes to each PUG as specified in §63.2525(i). Submit the records in reports as specified in §63.2520(d)(2)(ix) and (e)(8).
(2) Determine primary product. You must determine the primary product of each PUG created in paragraph (l)(1) of this section according to the procedures specified in paragraphs (l)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) The primary product is the type of product (e.g., organic chemicals subject to §63.2435(b)(1), pharmaceutical products subject to §63.1250, or pesticide active ingredients subject to §63.1360) expected to be produced for the greatest operating time in the 5-year period specified in paragraph (l)(1)(ii) of this section.
(ii) If the PUG produces multiple types of products equally based on operating time, then the primary product is the type of product with the greatest production on a mass basis over the 5-year period specified in paragraph (l)(1)(ii) of this section.
(iii) At a minimum, you must redetermine the primary product of the PUG following the procedure specified in paragraphs (l)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section every 5 years.
(iv) You must record the calculation of the initial primary product determination as specified in §63.2525(i)(3) and report the results in the notification of compliance status report as specified in §63.2520(d)(8)(ix). You must record the calculation of each redetermination of the primary product as specified in §63.2525(i)(5) and report the calculation in a compliance report submitted no later than the report covering the period for the end of the 5th year after cessation of production of the previous primary product, as specified in §63.2520(e)(8).
(3) Compliance requirements. (i) If the primary product of the PUG is determined according to paragraph (l)(2) of this section to be material described in §63.2435(b)(1), then you must comply with this subpart for each MCPU in the PUG. You may also elect to comply with this subpart for all other process units in the PUG, which constitutes compliance with other part 63 rules.
(ii) If the primary product of the PUG is determined according to paragraph (l)(2) of this section to be material not described in §63.2435(b)(1), then you must comply with paragraph (l)(3)(ii)(A), (B), or (C) of this section, as applicable.
(A) If the primary product is subject to subpart GGG of this part 63, then comply with the requirements of subpart GGG for each MCPU in the PUG.
(B) If the primary product is subject to subpart MMM of this part 63, then comply with the requirements of subpart MMM for each MCPU in the PUG.
(C) If the primary product is subject to any subpart in this part 63 other than subpart GGG or subpart MMM, then comply with the requirements of this subpart for each MCPU in the PUG.
(iii) The requirements for new and reconstructed sources in the alternative subpart apply to all MCPU in the PUG if and only if the affected source under the alternative subpart meets the requirements for construction or reconstruction.
(m) Overlap of this subpart with other regulations for flares. (1) Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in §63.2445(g), flares that control ethylene oxide emissions from affected sources in ethylene oxide service as defined in §63.2550 or are used to control emissions from MCPUs that produce olefins and polyolefins, subject to the provisions of 40 CFR 60.18 or 63.11, and used as a control device for an emission point subject to the emission limits and work practice standards in Tables 1, 2, 4 or 5 to this subpart are required to comply only with the provisions specified in §63.2450(e)(5). At any time before the compliance dates specified in §63.2445(g), flares that are subject to the provisions of 40 CFR 60.18 or 63.11 and elect to comply with the requirements in §63.2450(e)(5) are required to comply only with the provisions specified in this subpart. For purposes of compliance with this paragraph (m), "MCPUs that produces olefins or polyolefins" includes only those MCPUs that manufacture ethylene, propylene, polyethylene, and/or polypropylene as a product. By-products and impurities as defined in §63.101, as well as wastes and trace contaminants, are not considered products.
(2) Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in §63.2445(g), flares subject to §63.987 and used as a control device for an emission point subject to the emission limits and work practice standards in Tables 1, 2, 4 or 5 to this subpart are only required to comply with §63.2450(e)(5).
(3) Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in §63.2445(g), flares subject to the requirements in subpart CC of this part and used as a control device for an emission point subject to the emission limits and work practice standards in Tables 1, 2, 4 or 5 to this subpart are only required to comply with the flare requirements in subpart CC of this part. This paragraph (m)(3) does not apply to multi-point pressure assisted flares.
[68 FR 63888, Nov. 10, 2003, as amended at 71 FR 40337, July 14, 2006; 85 FR 49159, Aug. 12, 2020]
Table 12 to this subpart shows which parts of the General Provisions in §§63.1 through 63.15 apply to you.
(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by us, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), or a delegated authority such as your State, local, or tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has delegated authority to your State, local, or tribal agency, then that agency also has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. You should contact your U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is delegated to your State, local, or tribal agency.
(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a state, local, or tribal agency under subpart E of this part, the authorities contained in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section are retained by the Administrator of U.S. EPA and are not delegated to the state, local, or tribal agency.
(1) Approval of alternatives to the non-opacity emission limits and work practice standards in §63.2450(a) under §63.6(g).
(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods under §63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f) and as defined in §63.90.
(3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring under §63.8(f) and as defined in §63.90.
(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting under §63.10(f) and as defined in §63.90.
(5) Approval of an alternative to any electronic reporting to the EPA required by this subpart.
[85 FR 49159, Aug. 12, 2020]
(a) For an affected source complying with the requirements in subpart SS of this part 63, the terms used in this subpart and in subpart SS of this part 63 have the meaning given them in §63.981, except as specified in §§63.2450(k)(2) and (m), 63.2470(c)(2), 63.2475(b), and paragraph (i) of this section.
(b) For an affected source complying with the requirements in 40 CFR part 65, subpart F, the terms used in this subpart and in 40 CFR part 65, subpart F have the meaning given to them in §65.2.
(c) For an affected source complying with the requirements in subpart UU of this part 63, the terms used in this subpart and in subpart UU of this part 63 have the meaning given them in §63.1020.
(d) For an affected source complying with the requirements in subpart WW of this part 63, the terms used in this subpart and subpart WW of this part 63 have the meaning given them in §63.1061, except as specified in §§63.2450(m), 63.2470(c)(2), and paragraph (i) of this section.
(e) For an affected source complying with the requirements in §§63.132 through 63.149, the terms used in this subpart and §§63.132 through 63.149 have the meaning given them in §§63.101 and 63.111, except as specified in §63.2450(m) and paragraph (i) of this section.
(f) For an affected source complying with the requirements in §§63.104 and 63.105, the terms used in this subpart and in §§63.104 and 63.105 of this subpart have the meaning given them in §63.101, except as specified in §§63.2450(m), 63.2490(b), and paragraph (i) of this section.
(g) For an affected source complying with requirements in §§63.1253, 63.1257, and 63.1258, the terms used in this subpart and in §§63.1253, 63.1257, and 63.1258 have the meaning given them in §63.1251, except as specified in §63.2450(m) and paragraph (i) of this section.
(h) For an affected source complying with the requirements in 40 CFR part 65, subpart F, the terms used in this subpart and in 40 CFR part 65, subpart F, have the meaning given them in 40 CFR 65.2.
(i) All other terms used in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act (CAA), in 40 CFR 63.2, and in this paragraph (i). If a term is defined in §63.2, §63.101, §63.111, §63.981, §63.1020, §63.1061, §63.1251, or §65.2 and in this paragraph (i), the definition in this paragraph (i) applies for the purposes of this subpart.
Ancillary activities means boilers and incinerators (not used to comply with the emission limits in Tables 1 through 7 to this subpart), chillers and refrigeration systems, and other equipment and activities that are not directly involved (i.e., they operate within a closed system and materials are not combined with process fluids) in the processing of raw materials or the manufacturing of a product or isolated intermediate.
Batch operation means a noncontinuous operation involving intermittent or discontinuous feed into equipment, and, in general, involves the emptying of the equipment after the operation ceases and prior to beginning a new operation. Addition of raw material and withdrawal of product do not occur simultaneously in a batch operation.
Batch process vent means a vent from a unit operation or vents from multiple unit operations within a process that are manifolded together into a common header, through which a HAP-containing gas stream is, or has the potential to be, released to the atmosphere. Examples of batch process vents include, but are not limited to, vents on condensers used for product recovery, reactors, filters, centrifuges, and process tanks. The following are not batch process vents for the purposes of this subpart:
(1) Continuous process vents;
(2) Bottoms receivers;
(3) Surge control vessels;
(4) Gaseous streams routed to a fuel gas system(s) unless on and after August 12, 2023, the fuel gas system(s) supplies a flare of which 50 percent or more of the fuel gas burned in the flare is derived from an MCPU that has processes and/or equipment in ethylene oxide service, or produces olefins or polyolefins;
(5) Vents on storage tanks, wastewater emission sources, or pieces of equipment subject to the emission limits and work practice standards in Tables 4, 6, and 7 to this subpart;
(6) Drums, pails, and totes;
(7) Flexible elephant trunk systems that draw ambient air (i.e., the system is not ducted, piped, or otherwise connected to the unit operations) away from operators when vessels are opened; and
(8) Except for batch process vents in ethylene oxide service, emission streams from emission episodes that are undiluted and uncontrolled containing less than 50 ppmv HAP are not part of any batch process vent. A vent from a unit operation, or a vent from multiple unit operations that are manifolded together, from which total uncontrolled HAP emissions are less than 200 lb/yr is not a batch process vent; emissions for all emission episodes associated with the unit operation(s) must be included in the determination of the total mass emitted. The HAP concentration or mass emission rate may be determined using any of the following: Process knowledge that no HAP are present in the emission stream; an engineering assessment as discussed in §63.1257(d)(2)(ii), except that you do not need to demonstrate that the equations in §63.1257(d)(2)(i) do not apply, and the precompliance reporting requirements specified in §63.1257(d)(2)(ii)(E) do not apply for the purposes of this demonstration; equations specified in §63.1257(d)(2)(i), as applicable; test data using Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A; or any other test method that has been validated according to the procedures in EPA Method 301 of appendix A to this part.
Bench-scale process means a process (other than a research and development facility) that is operated on a small scale, such as one capable of being located on a laboratory bench top. This bench-scale equipment will typically include reagent feed vessels, a small reactor and associated product separator, recovery and holding equipment. These processes are only capable of producing small quantities of product.
Biofilter means an enclosed control system such as a tank or series of tanks with a fixed roof that contact emissions with a solid media (such as bark) and use microbiological activity to transform organic pollutants in a process vent stream to innocuous compounds such as carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic salts. Wastewater treatment processes such as aeration lagoons or activated sludge systems are not considered to be biofilters.
Bottoms receiver means a tank that collects bottoms from continuous distillation before the stream is sent for storage or for further downstream processing.
Breakthrough means the time when the level of HAP or TOC, measured at the outlet of the first bed, has been detected is at the highest concentration allowed to be discharged from the adsorber system and indicates that the adsorber bed should be replaced.
Construction means the onsite fabrication, erection, or installation of an affected source or MCPU. Addition of new equipment to an MCPU subject to existing source standards does not constitute construction, but it may constitute reconstruction of the affected source or MCPU if it satisfies the definition of reconstruction in §63.2.
Consumption means the quantity of all HAP raw materials entering a process in excess of the theoretical amount used as reactant, assuming 100 percent stoichiometric conversion. The raw materials include reactants, solvents, and any other additives. If a HAP is generated in the process as well as added as a raw material, consumption includes the quantity generated in the process.
Continuous operation means any operation that is not a batch operation.
Continuous process vent means the point of discharge to the atmosphere (or the point of entry into a control device, if any) of a gas stream if the gas stream has the characteristics specified in §63.107(b) through (h), or meets the criteria specified in §63.107(i), except:
(1) The reference in §63.107(e) to a chemical manufacturing process unit that meets the criteria of §63.100(b) means an MCPU that meets the criteria of §63.2435(b);
(2) The reference in §63.107(h)(4) to §63.113 means Table 1 to this subpart;
(3) The references in §63.107(h)(7) to §§63.119 and 63.126 mean tables 4 and 5 to this subpart; and
(4) For the purposes of §63.2455, all references to the characteristics of a process vent (e.g., flowrate, total HAP concentration, or TRE index value) mean the characteristics of the gas stream.
(5) The reference to “total organic HAP” in §63.107(d) means “total HAP” for the purposes of this subpart FFFF.
(6) The references to an “air oxidation reactor, distillation unit, or reactor” in §63.107 mean any continuous operation for the purposes of this subpart.
(7) A separate determination is required for the emissions from each MCPU, even if emission streams from two or more MCPU are combined prior to discharge to the atmosphere or to a control device.
(8) On and after August 12, 2023, §63.107(h)(3) applies unless the fuel gas system supplies a flare of which 50 percent or more of the fuel gas burned in the flare is derived from an MCPU that has processes and/or equipment in ethylene oxide service, or produces olefins or polyolefins.
(9) On and after August 12, 2023, §63.107(h)(9) no longer applies.
(10) On and after August 12, 2023, §63.107(i) no longer applies. Instead, a process vent is the point of discharge to the atmosphere (or the point of entry into a control device, if any) of a gas stream if the gas stream meets the criteria specified in this paragraph. The gas stream would meet the characteristics specified in §63.107(b) through (g) of subpart F, but, for purposes of avoiding applicability, has been deliberately interrupted, temporarily liquefied, routed through any item of equipment for no process purpose, or disposed of in a flare that does not meet the criteria in §63.11(b) of subpart A or §63.2450(e)(5) as applicable, or an incinerator that does not reduce emissions of organic HAP by 98 percent or to a concentration of 20 parts per million by volume, whichever is less stringent.
(11) Section 63.107(d) does not apply to continuous process vents in ethylene oxide service.
Dedicated MCPU means an MCPU that consists of equipment that is used exclusively for one process, except that storage tanks assigned to the process according to the procedures in §63.2435(d) also may be shared by other processes.
Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source:
(1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this subpart including, but not limited to, any emission limit, operating limit, or work practice standard; or
(2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit; or
(3) Before August 12, 2023, fails to meet any emission limit, operating limit, or work practice standard in this subpart during startup, shutdown, or malfunction, regardless of whether or not such failure is permitted by this subpart. On and after August 12, 2023, this paragraph (3) no longer applies.
Emission point means each continuous process vent, batch process vent, storage tank, transfer rack, and wastewater stream.
Energetics means propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics and include materials listed at 49 CFR 172.101 as Hazard Class I Hazardous Materials, Divisions 1.1 through 1.6.
Equipment means each pump, compressor, agitator, pressure relief device, sampling connection system, open-ended valve or line, valve, connector, and instrumentation system in organic HAP service; and any control devices or systems used to comply with Table 6 to this subpart.
Excess emissions means emissions greater than those allowed by the emission limit.
Family of materials means a grouping of materials with the same basic composition or the same basic end use or functionality produced using the same basic feedstocks with essentially identical HAP emission profiles (primary constituent and relative magnitude on a pound per product basis) and manufacturing equipment configuration. Examples of families of materials include multiple grades of the same product or different variations of a product (e.g., blue, black, and red resins).
Force majeure event means a release of HAP, either directly to the atmosphere from a pressure relief device or discharged via a flare, that is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Administrator to result from an event beyond the owner or operator's control, such as natural disasters; acts of war or terrorism; loss of a utility external to the MCPU (e.g., external power curtailment), excluding power curtailment due to an interruptible service agreement; and fire or explosion originating at a near or adjoining facility outside of the miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing process unit that impacts the miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing process unit's ability to operate.
Group 1 batch process vent means each of the batch process vents in a process for which the collective uncontrolled organic HAP emissions from all of the batch process vents are greater than or equal to 10,000 lb/yr at an existing source or greater than or equal to 3,000 lb/yr at a new source.
Group 2 batch process vent means each batch process vent that does not meet the definition of Group 1 batch process vent.
Group 1 continuous process vent means a continuous process vent for which the flow rate is greater than or equal to 0.005 standard cubic meter per minute, and the total resource effectiveness index value, calculated according to §63.2455(b), is less than or equal to 1.9 at an existing source and less than or equal to 5.0 at a new source.
Group 2 continuous process vent means a continuous process vent that does not meet the definition of a Group 1 continuous process vent.
Group 1 storage tank means a storage tank with a capacity greater than or equal to 10,000 gal storing material that has a maximum true vapor pressure of total HAP greater than or equal to 6.9 kilopascals at an existing source or greater than or equal to 0.69 kilopascals at a new source.
Group 2 storage tank means a storage tank that does not meet the definition of a Group 1 storage tank.
Group 1 transfer rack means a transfer rack that loads more than 0.65 million liters/year of liquids that contain organic HAP with a rack-weighted average partial pressure, as defined in §63.111, greater than or equal to 1.5 pound per square inch absolute.
Group 2 transfer rack means a transfer rack that does not meet the definition of a Group 1 transfer rack.
Group 1 wastewater stream means a wastewater stream consisting of process wastewater at an existing or new source that meets the criteria for Group 1 status in §63.2485(c) for compounds in Tables 8 and 9 to this subpart and/or a wastewater stream consisting of process wastewater at a new source that meets the criteria for Group 1 status in §63.132(d) for compounds in Table 8 to subpart G of this part 63.
Group 2 wastewater stream means any process wastewater stream that does not meet the definition of a Group 1 wastewater stream.
Halogen atoms mean chlorine and fluorine.
Halogenated vent stream means a vent stream determined to have a mass emission rate of halogen atoms contained in organic compounds of 0.45 kilograms per hour or greater determined by the procedures presented in §63.115(d)(2)(v).
HAP metals means the metal portion of antimony compounds, arsenic compounds, beryllium compounds, cadmium compounds, chromium compounds, cobalt compounds, lead compounds, manganese compounds, mercury compounds, nickel compounds, and selenium compounds.
Heat exchange system means a device or collection of devices used to transfer heat from process fluids to water without intentional direct contact of the process fluid with the water (i.e., non-contact heat exchanger) and to transport and/or cool the water in a closed-loop recirculation system (cooling tower system) or a once-through system (e.g., river or pond water). For closed-loop recirculation systems, the heat exchange system consists of a cooling tower, all miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing process unit heat exchangers that are in organic HAP service, as defined in this subpart, serviced by that cooling tower, and all water lines to and from these miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing process unit heat exchangers. For once-through systems, the heat exchange system consists of all heat exchangers that are in organic HAP service, as defined in this subpart, servicing an individual miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing process unit and all water lines to and from these heat exchangers. Sample coolers or pump seal coolers are not considered heat exchangers for the purpose of this definition and are not part of the heat exchange system. Intentional direct contact with process fluids results in the formation of a wastewater.
Hydrogen halide and halogen HAP means hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, and chlorine.
In ethylene oxide service means the following:
(1) For equipment leaks, any equipment that contains or contacts a fluid (liquid or gas) that is at least 0.1 percent by weight of ethylene oxide. If information exists that suggests ethylene oxide could be present in equipment, the equipment is considered to be “in ethylene oxide service” unless sampling and analysis is performed as specified in §63.2492 to demonstrate that the equipment does not meet the definition of being “in ethylene oxide service”. Examples of information that could suggest ethylene oxide could be present in equipment, include calculations based on safety data sheets, material balances, process stoichiometry, or previous test results provided the results are still relevant to the current operating conditions.
(2) For process vents, each batch and continuous process vent in a process that, when uncontrolled, contains a concentration of greater than or equal to 1 ppmv undiluted ethylene oxide, and when combined, the sum of all these process vents would emit uncontrolled ethylene oxide emissions greater than or equal to 5 lb/yr (2.27 kg/yr). If information exists that suggests ethylene oxide could be present in a batch or continuous process vent, then the batch or continuous process vent is considered to be “in ethylene oxide service” unless an analysis is performed as specified in §63.2492 to demonstrate that the batch or continuous process vent does not meet the definition of being “in ethylene oxide service”. Examples of information that could suggest ethylene oxide could be present in a batch or continuous process vent, include calculations based on safety data sheets, material balances, process stoichiometry, or previous test results provided the results are still relevant to the current operating conditions.
(3) For storage tanks, storage tanks of any capacity and vapor pressure storing a liquid that is at least 0.1 percent by weight of ethylene oxide. If knowledge exists that suggests ethylene oxide could be present in a storage tank, then the storage tank is considered to be “in ethylene oxide service” unless the procedures specified in §63.2492 are performed to demonstrate that the storage tank does not meet the definition of being “in ethylene oxide service”. The exemptions for “vessels storing organic liquids that contain HAP only as impurities” and “pressure vessels designed to operate in excess of 204.9 kilopascals and without emissions to the atmosphere” listed in the definition of “storage tank” in this section do not apply for storage tanks that may be in ethylene oxide service. Examples of information that could suggest ethylene oxide could be present in a storage tank, include calculations based on safety data sheets, material balances, process stoichiometry, or previous test results provided the results are still relevant to the current operating conditions.
In organic HAP service means that a piece of equipment either contains or contacts a fluid (liquid or gas) that is at least 5 percent by weight of total organic HAP as determined according to the provisions of §63.180(d). The provisions of §63.180(d) also specify how to determine that a piece of equipment is not in organic HAP service.
Isolated intermediate means a product of a process that is stored before subsequent processing. An isolated intermediate is usually a product of a chemical synthesis, fermentation, or biological extraction process. Storage of an isolated intermediate marks the end of a process. Storage occurs at any time the intermediate is placed in equipment used solely for storage. The storage equipment is part of the MCPU that produces the isolated intermediate and is not assigned as specified in §63.2435(d).
Large control device means a control device that controls total HAP emissions of greater than or equal to 10 tpy, before control.
Loading rack means a single system used to fill tank trucks and railcars at a single geographic site. Loading equipment and operations that are physically separate (i.e., do not share common piping, valves, and other equipment) are considered to be separate loading racks.
Maintenance wastewater means wastewater generated by the draining of process fluid from components in the MCPU into an individual drain system in preparation for or during maintenance activities. Maintenance wastewater can be generated during planned and unplanned shutdowns and during periods not associated with a shutdown. Examples of activities that can generate maintenance wastewater include descaling of heat exchanger tubing bundles, cleaning of distillation column traps, draining of pumps into an individual drain system, and draining of portions of the MCPU for repair. Wastewater from routine cleaning operations occurring as part of batch operations is not considered maintenance wastewater.
Maximum true vapor pressure has the meaning given in §63.111, except that it applies to all HAP rather than only organic HAP.
Miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing process means all equipment which collectively function to produce a product or isolated intermediate that are materials described in §63.2435(b). For the purposes of this subpart, process includes any, all or a combination of reaction, recovery, separation, purification, or other activity, operation, manufacture, or treatment which are used to produce a product or isolated intermediate. A process is also defined by the following:
(1) Routine cleaning operations conducted as part of batch operations are considered part of the process;
(2) Each nondedicated solvent recovery operation is considered a single process;
(3) Each nondedicated formulation operation is considered a single process that is used to formulate numerous materials and/or products;
(4) Quality assurance/quality control laboratories are not considered part of any process; and
(5) Ancillary activities are not considered a process or part of any process.
(6) The end of a process that produces a solid material is either up to and including the dryer or extruder, or for a polymer production process without a dryer or extruder, it is up to and including the die plate or solid-state reactor, except in two cases. If the dryer, extruder, die plate, or solid-state reactor is followed by an operation that is designed and operated to remove HAP solvent or residual HAP monomer from the solid, then the solvent removal operation is the last step in the process. If the dried solid is diluted or mixed with a HAP-based solvent, then the solvent removal operation is the last step in the process.
Nondedicated solvent recovery operation means a distillation unit or other purification equipment that receives used solvent from more than one MCPU.
Nonstandard batch means a batch process that is operated outside of the range of operating conditions that are documented in an existing operating scenario but is still a reasonably anticipated event. For example, a nonstandard batch occurs when additional processing or processing at different operating conditions must be conducted to produce a product that is normally produced under the conditions described by the standard batch. A nonstandard batch may be necessary as a result of a malfunction, but it is not itself a malfunction.
On-site or on site means, with respect to records required to be maintained by this subpart or required by another subpart referenced by this subpart, that records are stored at a location within a major source which encompasses the affected source. On-site includes, but is not limited to, storage at the affected source or MCPU to which the records pertain, or storage in central files elsewhere at the major source.
Operating scenario means, for the purposes of reporting and recordkeeping, any specific operation of an MCPU as described by records specified in §63.2525(b).
Organic group means structures that contain primarily carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
Organic peroxides means organic compounds containing the bivalent -o-o-structure which may be considered to be a structural derivative of hydrogen peroxide where one or both of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an organic radical.
Point of determination means each point where process wastewater exits the MCPU or control device.
Note to definition for point of determination:
The regulation allows determination of the characteristics of a wastewater stream: At the point of determination; or downstream of the point of determination if corrections are made for changes in flow rate and annual average concentration of soluble HAP and partially soluble HAP compounds as determined according to procedures in §63.144 of subpart G in this part 63. Such changes include losses by air emissions; reduction of annual average concentration or changes in flow rate by mixing with other water or wastewater streams; and reduction in flow rate or annual average concentration by treating or otherwise handling the wastewater stream to remove or destroy HAP.
Predominant HAP means as used in calibrating an analyzer, the single organic HAP that constitutes the largest percentage of the total organic HAP in the analyzed gas stream, by volume.
Pressure release means the emission of materials resulting from the system pressure being greater than the set pressure of the pressure relief device. This release can be one release or a series of releases over a short time period.
Pressure relief device means a valve, rupture disk, or similar device used only to release an unplanned, nonroutine discharge of gas from process equipment in order to avoid safety hazards or equipment damage. A pressure relief device discharge can result from an operator error, a malfunction such as a power failure or equipment failure, or other unexpected cause. Such devices include conventional, spring-actuated relief valves, balanced bellows relief valves, pilot-operated relief valves, rupture disks, and breaking, buckling, or shearing pin devices. Devices that are actuated either by a pressure of less than or equal to 2.5 pounds per square inch gauge or by a vacuum are not pressure relief devices.
Pressure vessel means a storage vessel that is used to store liquids or gases and is designed not to vent to the atmosphere as a result of compression of the vapor headspace in the pressure vessel during filling of the pressure vessel to its design capacity.
Process condenser means a condenser whose primary purpose is to recover material as an integral part of an MCPU. All condensers recovering condensate from an MCPU at or above the boiling point or all condensers in line prior to a vacuum source are considered process condensers. Typically, a primary condenser or condensers in series are considered to be integral to the MCPU if they are capable of and normally used for the purpose of recovering chemicals for fuel value (i.e., net positive heating value), use, reuse or for sale for fuel value, use, or reuse. This definition does not apply to a condenser that is used to remove materials that would hinder performance of a downstream recovery device as follows:
(1) To remove water vapor that would cause icing in a downstream condenser, or
(2) To remove water vapor that would negatively affect the adsorption capacity of carbon in a downstream carbon adsorber, or
(3) To remove high molecular weight organic compounds or other organic compounds that would be difficult to remove during regeneration of a downstream carbon adsorber.
Process tank means a tank or vessel that is used within a process to collect material discharged from a feedstock storage tank or equipment within the process before the material is transferred to other equipment within the process or a product storage tank. A process tank has emissions that are related to the characteristics of the batch cycle, and it does not accumulate product over multiple batches. Surge control vessels and bottoms receivers are not process tanks.
Production-indexed HAP consumption factor (HAP factor) means the result of dividing the annual consumption of total HAP by the annual production rate, per process.
Production-indexed VOC consumption factor (VOC factor) means the result of dividing the annual consumption of total VOC by the annual production rate, per process.
Quaternary ammonium compounds means a type of organic nitrogen compound in which the molecular structure includes a central nitrogen atom joined to four organic groups as well as an acid radical of some sort.
Recovery device means an individual unit of equipment used for the purpose of recovering chemicals from process vent streams and from wastewater streams for fuel value (i.e., net positive heating value), use, reuse, or for sale for fuel value, use, or reuse. For the purposes of meeting requirements in table 2 to this subpart, the recovery device must not be a process condenser and must recover chemicals to be reused in a process on site. Examples of equipment that may be recovery devices include absorbers, carbon adsorbers, condensers, oil-water separators or organic-water separators, or organic removal devices such as decanters, strippers, or thin-film evaporation units. To be a recovery device for a wastewater stream, a decanter and any other equipment based on the operating principle of gravity separation must receive only multi-phase liquid streams.
Relief valve means a type of pressure relief device that is designed to re-close after the pressure relief.
Responsible official means responsible official as defined in 40 CFR 70.2.
Safety device means a closure device such as a pressure relief valve, frangible disc, fusible plug, or any other type of device which functions exclusively to prevent physical damage or permanent deformation to a unit or its air emission control equipment by venting gases or vapors directly to the atmosphere during unsafe conditions resulting from an unplanned, accidental, or emergency event. For the purposes of this subpart, a safety device is not used for routine venting of gases or vapors from the vapor headspace underneath a cover such as during filling of the unit or to adjust the pressure in response to normal daily diurnal ambient temperature fluctuations. A safety device is designed to remain in a closed position during normal operations and open only when the internal pressure, or another relevant parameter, exceeds the device threshold setting applicable to the air emission control equipment as determined by the owner or operator based on manufacturer recommendations, applicable regulations, fire protection and prevention codes and practices, or other requirements for the safe handling of flammable, combustible, explosive, reactive, or hazardous materials.
Shutdown means the cessation of operation of a continuous operation for any purpose. Shutdown also means the cessation of a batch operation, or any related individual piece of equipment required or used to comply with this subpart, if the steps taken to cease operation differ from those described in a standard batch or nonstandard batch. Shutdown also applies to emptying and degassing storage vessels. Shutdown does not apply to cessation of batch operations at the end of a campaign or between batches within a campaign when the steps taken are routine operations.
Small control device means a control device that controls total HAP emissions of less than 10 tpy, before control.
Standard batch means a batch process operated within a range of operating conditions that are documented in an operating scenario. Emissions from a standard batch are based on the operating conditions that result in highest emissions. The standard batch defines the uncontrolled and controlled emissions for each emission episode defined under the operating scenario.
Startup means the setting in operation of a continuous operation for any purpose; the first time a new or reconstructed batch operation begins production; for new equipment added, including equipment required or used to comply with this subpart, the first time the equipment is put into operation; or for the introduction of a new product/process, the first time the product or process is run in equipment. For batch operations, startup applies to the first time the equipment is put into operation at the start of a campaign to produce a product that has been produced in the past if the steps taken to begin production differ from those specified in a standard batch or nonstandard batch. Startup does not apply when the equipment is put into operation as part of a batch within a campaign when the steps taken are routine operations.
Storage tank means a tank or other vessel that is used to store liquids that contain organic HAP and/or hydrogen halide and halogen HAP and that has been assigned to an MCPU according to the procedures in §63.2435(d). The following are not considered storage tanks for the purposes of this subpart:
(1) Vessels permanently attached to motor vehicles such as trucks, railcars, barges, or ships;
(2) Pressure vessels designed to operate in excess of 204.9 kilopascals and without emissions to the atmosphere;
(3) Vessels storing organic liquids that contain HAP only as impurities;
(4) Wastewater storage tanks;
(5) Bottoms receivers;
(6) Surge control vessels; and
(7) Process tanks.
Supplemental gases means the air that is added to a vent stream after the vent stream leaves the unit operation. Air that is part of the vent stream as a result of the nature of the unit operation is not considered supplemental gases. Air required to operate combustion device burner(s) is not considered supplemental gases.
Surge control vessel means feed drums, recycle drums, and intermediate vessels as part of any continuous operation. Surge control vessels are used within an MCPU when in-process storage, mixing, or management of flowrates or volumes is needed to introduce material into continuous operations.
Thermal expansion relief valve means a pressure relief valve designed to protect equipment from excess pressure due to thermal expansion of blocked liquid-filled equipment or piping due to ambient heating or heat from a heat tracing system. Pressure relief valves designed to protect equipment from excess pressure due to blockage against a pump or compressor or due to fire contingency are not thermal expansion relief valves.
Total organic compounds or (TOC) means the total gaseous organic compounds (minus methane and ethane) in a vent stream.
Transfer rack means the collection of loading arms and loading hoses, at a single loading rack, that are assigned to an MCPU according to the procedures specified in §63.2435(d) and are used to fill tank trucks and/or rail cars with organic liquids that contain one or more of the organic HAP listed in section 112(b) of the CAA of this subpart. Transfer rack includes the associated pumps, meters, shutoff valves, relief valves, and other piping and valves.
Unit operation means those processing steps that occur within distinct equipment that are used, among other things, to prepare reactants, facilitate reactions, separate and purify products, and recycle materials. Equipment used for these purposes includes, but is not limited to, reactors, distillation columns, extraction columns, absorbers, decanters, dryers, condensers, and filtration equipment.
Waste management unit means the equipment, structure(s), and/or device(s) used to convey, store, treat, or dispose of wastewater streams or residuals. Examples of waste management units include wastewater tanks, air flotation units, surface impoundments, containers, oil-water or organic-water separators, individual drain systems, biological wastewater treatment units, waste incinerators, and organic removal devices such as steam and air stripper units, and thin film evaporation units. If such equipment is being operated as a recovery device, then it is part of a miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing process and is not a waste management unit.
Wastewater means water that is discarded from an MCPU or control device through a POD and that contains either: an annual average concentration of compounds in tables 8 and 9 to this subpart of at least 5 ppmw and has an annual average flowrate of 0.02 liters per minute or greater; or an annual average concentration of compounds in tables 8 and 9 to this subpart of at least 10,000 ppmw at any flowrate. Wastewater means process wastewater or maintenance wastewater. The following are not considered wastewater for the purposes of this subpart:
(1) Stormwater from segregated sewers;
(2) Water from fire-fighting and deluge systems, including testing of such systems;
(3) Spills;
(4) Water from safety showers;
(5) Samples of a size not greater than reasonably necessary for the method of analysis that is used;
(6) Equipment leaks;
(7) Wastewater drips from procedures such as disconnecting hoses after cleaning lines; and
(8) Noncontact cooling water.
Wastewater stream means a stream that contains only wastewater as defined in this paragraph (i).
Work practice standard means any design, equipment, work practice, or operational standard, or combination thereof, that is promulgated pursuant to section 112(h) of the CAA.
[68 FR 63888, Nov. 10, 2003, as amended at 70 FR 38560, July 1, 2005; 71 FR 40338, July 14, 2006; 85 FR 49159, Aug. 12, 2020; 89 FR 23872, April 4, 2024]