Ergonomic injuries are often described using the term musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). MSDs are a group of injuries and illnesses that affect the muscles, nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, tendons, joints, and other soft tissues. Examples of MSDs include:
There is no single diagnosis that defines all MSDs. Instead, the term refers to a broad group of disorders that can develop when workers are exposed to ergonomic risk factors such as repetitive motion, forceful exertions, awkward postures, contact stress, and vibration.
As OSHA continues to develop industry-specific ergonomics guidance, the agency may use different definitions or examples of MSDs depending on the workplace hazard being addressed.