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Opinions vary on how to define an ergonomics injury, and the definition of the term may depend on the context. However, ergonomic injuries are often described by the term “musculoskeletal disorders” or “MSDs.” This is the term of art in scientific literature that refers collectively to a group of injuries and illnesses that affect the musculoskeletal system. More specifically, OSHA states that MSDs affect the muscles, nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, and tendons, and examples of MSDs include:
- Carpal tunnel syndrome,
- Tendinitis,
- Rotator cuff injuries (affects the shoulder),
- Epicondylitis (affects the elbow),
- Trigger finger, and
- Muscle strains and low back injuries.
There is no single diagnosis for MSDs.
As OSHA continues to develop ergonomics-related guidance material for specific industries, the agency may narrow the definition as appropriate to address the specific workplace hazards covered. OSHA says it will work closely with stakeholders to develop definitions for MSDs as part of its overall effort to develop guidance materials.