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ez Explanations

Preventing backovers

RegSenseezExplanationCranes, Lifts, and ScaffoldingSafety & HealthCranes, Lifts, and ScaffoldingConstruction SafetyGeneral Industry SafetyForklifts and Powered TrucksBest ResultsOccupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), DOLEnglishSafe Operation of PITsFocus AreaUSA

A backover incident occurs when a backing vehicle, or mobile equipment, strikes a worker who is standing, walking, or kneeling behind it. These types of incidents are not uncommon. According to a Bureau of Labor Statistics review of fatalities at road construction sites from 2003 to 2010, 143 workers were fatally struck by a vehicle or mobile equipment that was backing up. In 84 of these cases, the worker was struck by a backing dump truck. Backup incidents can happen for many reasons:

  • Drivers may not be able to see an employee in their blind spot,
  • Employees may not hear back-up alarms over jobsite noise,
  • A spotter assisting one vehicle may not see another vehicle,
  • Employees riding on vehicles or equipment may fall off and get backed over,and
  • Drivers might assume that the area is clear and not look.

Scope

Backovers are especially prevalent in the construction industry but can occur in any workplace where there are large equipment or vehicles being operated. This includes construction sites, electric power utilities, warehouses, and road construction.

Regulatory citations

Key definitions

  • None

Summary of requirements

Use an audible back-up alarm that is louder than the surrounding site noise level or back up only when a spotter signals that it is safe to do so.

Inspect the vehicle, equipment, and safety devices (i.e., reverse alarm, mirrors, and windows) at the beginning of each shift. Report any deficiencies to your supervisor and remove any defective equipment from service until repairs are made.

Ensure mirrors and windows are functioning, in good condition, clean, and properly adjusted.

Use and maintain contact (visually, verbally, or by hand signals) with a spotter when backing any vehicle or equipment. If contact with the spotter is lost, stop immediately.

Wear high-visibility apparel appropriate for your job task and work environment.

Watch vehicle and equipment blind areas and avoid being in or near these areas.

Confirm communication signals with a driver/operator/pedestrian and do not approach until he or she gives acknowledgment.

Observe vehicle and equipment travel paths and avoid standing or walking in these areas.

Listen for reverse signal alarms in the area.

['Forklifts and Powered Trucks', 'Cranes, Lifts, and Scaffolding']
['Cranes, Lifts, and Scaffolding', 'Safe Operation of PITs']
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