Part 471 - Nonferrous metals forming and metal powders point source category

§471.01 Applicability.

(a) This part applies to discharges of pollutants to waters of the United States and introduction of pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works from the forming of nonferrous metals (including nonferrous metal alloys), except beryllium, copper, and aluminum and their alloys. Aluminum alloys are defined as any alloy in which aluminum is the major constituent in percent by weight. Copper alloys are defined as any alloy in which copper is the major constituent in percent by weight except when copper is alloyed with precious metals. Any copper-precious metal alloy containing 30 percent or greater precious metal is considered a precious metal alloy for the purposes of this part. Beryllium alloys are any alloy in which beryllium is present at 0.1 percent or greater. This part applies to:

§471.02 General definitions.

In addition to the definitions set forth in 40 CFR part 401, the following definitions apply to this part:

(a) “Nonferrous metal” is any pure metal other than iron or any metal alloy for which a metal other than iron is its major constituent in percent by weight.

(b) “Forming” is a set of manufacturing operations in which metals and alloys are made into semifinished products by hot or cold working.

(c) “Alkaline cleaning” uses a solution (bath), usually detergent, to remove lard, oil, and other such compounds from a metal surface. Alkaline cleaning is usually followed by a water rinse. The rinse may consist of single or multiple stage rinsing. For the purposes of this part, an alkaline cleaning operation is defined as a bath followed by a rinse, regardless of the number of rinse stages. Each alkaline cleaning bath and rinse combination is entitled to a discharge allowance.

(d) “Atomization” is the process in which a stream of water or gas impinges upon a molten metal stream, breaking it into droplets which solidify as powder particles.

(e) “Burnishing” is a surface finishing process in which minute surface irregularities are displaced rather than removed.

(f) “Casting” is pouring molten metal into a mold to produce an object of desired shape.

(g) “Cladding” or “metal cladding” is the art of producing a composite metal containing two or more layers that have been metallurgically bonded together by roll bonding (co-rolling), solder application (or brazing), or explosion bonding.

(h) “Contact cooling water” is any wastewater which contacts the metal workpiece or the raw materials used in forming metals for the purpose of removing heat from the metal.

(i) “Continuous casting” is the production of sheet, rod, or other long shapes by solidifying the metal while it is being poured through an open-ended mold.

(j) “Degreasing” is the removal of oils and greases from the surface of the metal workpiece. This process can be accomplished with detergents as in alkaline cleaning or by the use of solvents.

(k) “Direct chill casting” is the pouring of molten nonferrous metal into a water-cooled mold. Contact cooling water is sprayed onto the metal as it is dropped into the mold, and the metal ingot falls into a water bath at the end of the casting process.

(l) “Drawing” is the process of pulling a metal through a die or succession of dies to reduce the metal's diameter or alter its cross-sectional shape.

(m) “Dye penetrant testing” is a nondestructive method for finding discontinuities that are open to the surface of the metal. A dye is applied to the surface of metal and the excess is rinsed off. Dye that penetrates surface discontinuities will not be rinsed away thus marking these discontinuities.

(n) “Emulsions” are stable dispersions of two immiscible liquids. In the Nonferrous Metals Forming and Metal Powders Point Source category, this is usually an oil and water mixture.

(o) “Electrocoating” is the electrodeposition of a metallic or nonmetallic coating onto the surface of a workpiece.

(p) “Extrusion” is the application of pressure to a billet of metal, forcing the metal to flow through a die orifice.

(q) “Forging” is deforming metal, usually hot, with compressive force into desired shapes, with or without dies. Where dies are used, the metal is forced to take the shape of the die.

(r) “Grinding” is the process of removing stock from a workpiece by the use of a tool consisting of abrasive grains held by a rigid or semi-rigid grinder. Grinding includes surface finishing, sanding, and slicing.

(s) “Heat treatment” is the application of heat of specified temperature and duration to change the physical properties of the metal.

(t) “Hot pressing” is forming a powder metallurgy compact at a temperature high enough to effect concurrent sintering.

(u) “Hydrotesting” is the testing of piping or tubing by filling with water and pressurizing to test for integrity.

(v) “Impregnation” is the process of filling pores of a formed powder part, usually with a liquid such as a lubricant, or mixing particles of a nonmetallic substance in a matrix of metal powder.

(w) “In-process control technology” is the conservation of chemicals and water throughout the production operations to reduce the amount of wastewater to be discharged.

(x) “Metal powder production” operations are mechanical process operations which convert metal to a finely divided form.

(y) “Milling” is the mechanical treatment of a nonferrous metal to produce powder, or to coat one component of a powder mixture with another.

(z) “Neat oil” is a pure oil with no or few impurities added. In nonferrous metals forming, its use is mostly as a lubricant.

(aa) “Powder forming” includes forming and compressing powder into a fully dense finished shape, and is usually done within closed dies.

(bb) “Precious metals” include gold, platinum, palladium, and silver and their alloys. Any alloy containing 30 or greater percent by weight of precious metals is considered a precious metal alloy.

(cc) “Product testing” includes operations such as dye penetrant testing, hydrotesting, and ultrasonic testing.

(dd) “Refractory metals” includes the metals of columbium, tantalum, molybdenum, rhenium, tungsten and vanadium and their alloys.

(ee) “Rolling” is the reduction in thickness or diameter of a workpiece by passing it between lubricated steel rollers.

(ff) “Roll bonding” is the process by which a permanent bond is created between two metals by rolling under high pressure in a bonding mill (co-rolling).

(gg) “Sawing” is cutting a workpiece with a band, blade, or circular disc having teeth.

(hh) “Shot casting” is the production of shot by pouring molten metal in finely divided streams to form spherical particles.

(ii) “Stationary casting” is the pouring of molten metal into molds and allowing the metal to cool.

(jj) “Surface treatment” is a chemical or electrochemical treatment applied to the surface of a metal. Such treatments include pickling, etching, conversion coating, phosphating, and chromating. Surface treatment baths are usually followed by a water rinse. The rinse may consist of single or multiple stage rinsing. For the purposes of this part, a surface treatment operation is defined as a bath followed by a rinse, regardless of the number of stages. Each surface treatment bath, rinse combination is entitled to discharge allowance.

(kk) “Swaging” is a process in which a solid point is formed at the end of a tube, rod, or bar by the repeated blows of one or more pairs of opposing dies.

(ll) “Tube reducing” is an operation which reduces the diameter and wall thickness of tubing with a mandrel and a pair of rolls with tapered grooves.

(mm) “Tumbling” or “barrel finishing” is an operation in which castings, forgings, or parts pressed from metal powder are rotated in a barrel with ceramic or metal slugs or abrasives to remove scale, fins, or burrs. It may be done dry or with an aqueous solution.

(nn) “Ultrasonic testing” is a nondestructive test which applies sound, at a frequency above about 20 HJz, to metal, which has been immersed in liquid (usually water) to locate inhomogeneities or structural discontinuities.

(oo) “Wet air pollution control scrubbers” are air pollution control devices used to remove particulates and fumes from air by entraining the pollutants in a water spray.

(pp) “Grab sample” is a single sample which is collected at a time and place most representative of total discharge.

(qq) “Composite sample” is a sample composed of no less than eight grab samples taken over the compositing period.

(rr) A “flow proportional composite sample” is composed of grab samples collected continuously or discretely in proportion to the total flow at time of collection or to the total flow since collection of the previous grab sample. The grab volume or frequency of grab collection may be varied in proportion to flow.

(ss) The term “control authority” is defined as the POTW if it has an approved pretreatment program; in the absence of such a program, the NPDES State if it has an approved pretreatment program or EPA if the State does not have an approved program.

(tt) “Continuous operations” means that the industrial user introduces regulated wastewaters to the POTW throughout the operating hours of the facility, except for infrequent shutdowns for maintenance, process changes, or other similar activities.

(uu) “Intermittent operations” means the industrial users does not have a continuous operation.

(vv) The term “off-kg (off-lb)” means the mass of metal or metal alloy removed from a forming operation at the end of a process cycle for transfer to a different machine or process.

§471.03 Compliance date for PSES.

The compliance date for PSES under this regulation is August 23, 1988.

§471.10 Applicability; description of the lead-tin-bismuth forming subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges of pollutants to waters of the United States, and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the process operations of the lead-tin-bismuth forming subcategory.

§471.11 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations for the process operations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT):

(a) Rolling spent emulsions.

(b) Rolling spent soap solutions.

(c) Drawing spent neat oils - subpart A - BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(d) Drawing spent emulsions.

(e) Drawing spent soap solutions.

(f) Extrusion press and solution heat treatment contact cooling water.

(g) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(h) Continuous strip casting contact cooling water.

(i) Semi-continuous ingot casting contact cooling water.

(j) Shot casting contact cooling water.

(k) Shot-forming wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

(l) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

(m) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

(n) Swaging spent emulsions.

(o) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart A - BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2884, Jan. 22, 1986]

§471.12 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT):

(a) Rolling spent emulsions.

(b) Rolling spent soap solutions.

(c) Drawing spent neat oils - subpart A - BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(d) Drawing spent emulsions.

(e) Drawing spent soap solutions.

(f) Extrusion press and solution heat treatment contact colling water.

(g) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(h) Continuous strip casting contact cooling water.

(i) Semi-continuous ingot casting contact cooling water.

(j) Shot casting contact cooling water.

(k) Shot-forming wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

(l) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

(m) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

(n) Swaging spent emulsions.

(o) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart A - BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2884, Jan. 22, 1986]

§471.13 New source performance standards (NSPS).

Any new source subject to this subpart must achieve the following new source performance standards. The mass of pollutants in the lead-tin-bismuth forming operations' process wastewater shall not exceed the following values:

(a) Rolling spent emulsions.

(b) Rolling spent soap solutions.

(c) Drawing spent neat oils - subpart A - NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(d) Drawing spent emulsions.

(e) Drawing spent soap solutions.

(f) Extrusion press and solution heat treatment contact cooling water.

(g) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(h) Continuous strip casting contact cooling water.

(i) Semi-continuous ingot casting contact cooling water.

(j) Shot casting contact cooling water.

(k) Shot-forming wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

(l) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

(m) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

(n) Swaging spent emulsions.

(o) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart A - NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2884, Jan. 22, 1986]

§471.14 Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and by August 23, 1988, achieve the pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES). The mass of wastewater pollutants in lead-tin-bismuth forming process wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:

(a) Rolling spent emulsions.

(b) Rolling spent soap solutions.

(c) Drawing spent neat oils - subpart A - PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(d) Drawing spent emulsions.

(e) Drawing spent soaps solutions.

(f) Extrusion press and solution heat treatment contact cooling water.

(g) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(h) Continuous strip casting contact cooling water.

(i) Semi-continuous ingot casting contact cooling water.

(j) Shot casting contact cooling water.

(k) Shot-forming wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

(l) Alkaline Cleaning Spent Baths.

(m) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

(n) Swaging spent emulsions.

(o) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart A - PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2884, Jan. 22, 1986]

§471.15 Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7, any new sources subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources. The mass of wastewater pollutants in lead-tin-bismuth forming process wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:

(a) Rolling spent emulsions.

(b) Rolling spent soap solutions.

(c) Drawing spent neat oils - subpart A - PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(d) Drawing spent emulsions.

(e) Drawing spent soap solutions.

(f) Extrusion press and solution heat treatment contact cooling water.

(g) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(h) Continuous strip casting contact cooling water.

(i) Semi-continuous ingot casting contact cooling water.

(j) Shot casting contact cooling water.

(k) Shot-forming wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

(l) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

(m) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

(n) Swaging spent emulsions.

(o) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart A - PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2884, Jan. 22, 1986]

§471.16 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). [Reserved]

§471.20 Applicability; description of the magnesium forming subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges of pollutants to waters of the United States, and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the process operations of the magnesium forming subcategory.

§471.21 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations for the process operations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT):

(a) Rolling spent emulsions.

(b) Forging spent lubricants - subpart B - BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(c) Forging contact cooling water.

(d) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

(e) Direct chill casting contact cooling water.

(f) Surface treatment spent baths.

(g) Surface treatment rinse.

(h) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

(i) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart B - BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(j) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

§471.22 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT):

(a) Rolling spent emulsions.

(b) Forging spent lubricants - subpart B - BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(c) Forging contact cooling water.

(d) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

(e) Direct chill casting contact cooling water.

(f) Surface treatment spent baths.

(g) Surface treatment rinse.

(h) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

(i) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart B - BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(j) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

§471.23 New source performance standards (NSPS).

Any new source subject to this subpart must achieve the following new source performance standards. The mass of pollutants in the magnesium forming process wastewater shall not exceed the following values:

(a) Rolling spent emulsions.

(b) Forging spent lubricants - subpart B - NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(c) Forging contact cooling water.

(d) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

(e) Direct chill casting contact cooling water.

(f) Surface treatment spent baths.

(g) Surface treatment rinse.

(h) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

(i) Degreasing spent Solvents - subpart B - NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(j) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2884, Jan. 22, 1986]

§471.24 Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and by August 23, 1988 achieve the following pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES). The mass of wastewater pollutants in magnesium forming process wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:

(a) Rolling spent emulsions.

(b) Forging spent lubricants - subpart B - PSE. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(c) Forging contact cooling water.

(d) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

(e) Direct chill casting contact cooling water.

(f) Surface treatment spent baths.

(g) Surface treatment rinse.

(h) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

(i) Degreasing Spent Solvents - subpart B - PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(j) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2884, Jan. 22, 1986]

§471.25 Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7, any new source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS). The mass of wastewater pollutants in magnesium forming process wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:

(a) Rolling spent emulsions.

(b) Forging spent lubricants - subpart B - PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(c) Forging contact cooling water.

(d) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

(e) Direct chill casting contact cooling water.

(f) Surface treatment spent baths.

(g) Surface treatment rinse.

(h) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

(i) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart B - PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(j) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2884, Jan. 22, 1986]

§471.26 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). [Reserved]

§471.30 Applicability; description of the nickel-cobalt forming subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges of pollutants to waters of the United States, and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the process operations of the nickel-cobalt forming subcategory.

§471.31 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30-125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations for the process operations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT):

(a) Rolling spent neat oils - subpart C - BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(b) Rolling spent emulsions.

(c) Rolling contact cooling water.

(d) Tube Reducing Spent Lubricant - subpart C - BPT.(1) There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants except as provided under paragraph (d)(2) of this section.

(2) Process wastewater pollutants may be discharged, with no allowance for any pollutants discharged, provided the facility owner or operator demonstrates, on the basis of analytical methods set forth in or approved pursuant to 40 CFR part 136, that the concentrations of nitrosamine compounds in the wastewater discharged from the tube reducing process do not exceed 0.050 mg/l of N-nitrosodimethylamine, 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodiphenylamine, and 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine.

(3) The demonstration required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section shall be made once per month until the demonstration has been made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months, after which time the demonstration may be made once per quarter. If a sample is found to contain any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds at concentrations greater than those specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the actions described in paragraph (d)(4) of this section shall be taken, and the demonstration required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section shall be made once per month until it has been made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months.

(4) If sampling results show that any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds is present in the process wastewater at concentrations greater than those specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the facility owner or operator shall ensure that, within thirty days of receiving written notification of the sampling results, there is no further discharge of tube reducing spent lubricant wastewater until the owner or operator:

(i) Performs a subsequent analysis which demonstrates that the concentrations of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds do not exceed the levels specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section; or

(ii) Substitutes a new tube reducing lubricant and thereafter complies with the requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this section; or

(iii) Determines the source of the pollutant whose concentration exceeded the level specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section and demonstrates to the satisfaction of the NPDES issuing authority that such source has been eliminated.

(5) The concentration limits specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section apply at the point of discharge from the tube reducing process. However, sampling after the tube reducing wastewater has been commingled with other wastewaters is permitted if:

(i) Any dilution caused by the other wastewaters is taken into account in determining the appropriate (i.e., lower) allowable discharge concentration; and

(ii) An analytical method of sufficient sensitivity is used to measure the levels of each of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds in the wastewaters being sampled.

(e) Drawing spent neat oils - subpart C - BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants

(f) Drawing spent emulsions.

(g) Extrusion spent lubricants - subpart C - BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(h) Extrusion press or solution heat treatment contact cooling water.

(i) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(j) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

(k) Forging contact cooling water.

(l) Forging press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(m) Forging spent lubricants - subpart C - BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(n) Stationary casting contact cooling water.

(o) Vacuum melting steam condensate - subpart C - BPT. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(p) Metal powder production atomization wastewater.

(q) Annealing and solution heat treatment contact cooling water - subpart C - BPT. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(r) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

(s) Surface treatment spent baths.

(t) Surface treatment rinse.

(u) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

(v) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

(w) Molten salt rinse.

(x) Ammonia rinse.

(y) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

(z) Sawing or grinding rinse.

(aa) Steam Cleaning Condensate.

(bb) Hydrostatic tube testing and ultrasonic testing wastewater - subpart C - BPT. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(cc) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart C - BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(dd) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.

(ee) Electrocoating rinse.

(ff) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2884, Jan. 22, 1986, as amended at 54 FR 11348, Mar. 17, 1989]

§471.32 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT):

(a) Rolling spent neat oils - subpart C - BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(b) Rolling spent emulsions.

(c) Rolling contact cooling water.

(d) Tube Reducing Spent Lubricant - subpart C - BAT.(1) There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants except as provided under paragraph (d)(2) of this section.

(2) Process wastewater pollutants may be discharged, with no allowance for any pollutants discharged, provided the facility owner or operator demonstrates, on the basis of analytical methods set forth in or approved pursuant to 40 CFR part 136, that the concentrations of nitrosamine compounds in the wastewater discharged from the tube reducing process do not exceed 0.050 mg/l of N-nitrosodimethylamine, 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodiphenylamine, and 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine.

(3) The demonstration required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section shall be made once per month until the demonstration has been made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months, after which time the demonstration may be made once per quarter. If a sample is found to contain any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds at concentrations greater than those specified in subparagraph (d)(2) of this section, the actions described in paragraph (d)(4) of this section shall be taken, and the demonstration required under subparagraph (d)(2) of this section shall be made once per month until it has been made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months.

(4) If sampling results show that any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds is present in the process wastewater at concentrations greater than those specified in subparagraph (d)(2) of this section, the facility owner or operator shall ensure that, within thirty days of receiving written notification of the sampling results, there is no further discharge of tube reducing spent lubricant wastewater until the owner or operator:

(i) Performs a subsequent analysis which demonstrates that the concentrations of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds do not exceed the levels specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section; or

(ii) Substitutes a new tube reducing lubricant and thereafter complies with the requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this section; or

(iii) Determines the source of the pollutant whose concentration exceeded the level specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section and demonstrates to the satisfaction of the NPDES issuing authority that such source has been eliminated.

(5) The concentration limits specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section apply at the point of discharge from the tube reducing process. However, sampling after the tube reducing wastewater has been commingled with other wastewaters is permitted if:

(i) Any dilution caused by the other wastewaters is taken into account in determining the appropriate (i.e., lower) allowable discharge concentration; and

(ii) An analytical method of sufficient sensitivity is used to measure the levels of each of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds in the wastewaters being sampled.

(e) Drawing spent neat oils - subpart C - BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(f) Drawing spent emulsions.

(g) Extrusion spent lubricants - subpart C - BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(h) Extrusion press or solution heat treatment contact cooling water.

(i) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(j) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

(k) Forging contact cooling water.

(l) Forging press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(m) Forging spent lubricants - subpart C - BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(n) Stationary casting contact cooling water.

(o) Vacuum melting steam condensate - subpart C - BAT. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of wastewater pollutants.

(p) Metal powder production atomization wastewater.

(q) Annealing and solution heat treatment contact cooling water - subpart C - BAT. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of wastewater pollutants.

(r) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

(s) Surface treatment spent baths.

(t) Surface treatment rinse.

(u) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

(v) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

(w) Molten salt rinse.

(x) Ammonia rinse.

(y) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

(z) Sawing or grinding rinse.

(aa) Steam cleaning condensate.

(bb) Hydrostatic tube testing and ultrasonic testing wastewater - subpart C - BAT. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(cc) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart C - BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(dd) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.

(ee) Electrocoating rinse.

(ff) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2885, Jan. 22, 1986, as amended at 54 FR 11348, Mar. 17, 1989; 54 FR 13606, Apr. 4, 1989]

§471.33 New source performance standards (NSPS).

Any new source subject to this subpart must achieve the following new source performance standards (NSPS). The mass of pollutants in the nickel-cobalt forming process wastewater shall not exceed the following values:

(a) Rolling spent neat oils - subpart C - NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(b) Rolling spent emulsions.

(c) Rolling contact cooling water.

(d) Tube Reducing Spent Lubricant - subpart C - NSPS.(1) There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants except as provided under paragraph (d)(2) of this section.

(2) Process wastewater pollutants may be discharged, with no allowance for any pollutants discharged, provided the facility owner or operator demonstrates, on the basis of analytical methods set forth in or approved pursuant to 40 CFR part 136, that the concentrations of nitrosamine compounds in the wastewater discharged from the tube reducing process do not exceed 0.050mg/l of N-nitrosodimethylamine, 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodiphenylamine, and 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine.

(3) The demonstration required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section shall be made once per month until the demonstration has been made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months, after which time the demonstration may be made once per quarter. If a sample is found to contain any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds at concentrations greater than those specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the actions described in paragraph (d)(4) of this section shall be taken, and the demonstration required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section shall be made once per month until it has been made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months.

(4) If sampling results show that any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds is present in the process wastewater at concentrations greater than those specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the facility owner or operator shall ensure that, within thirty days of receiving written notification of the sampling results, there is no further discharge of tube reducing spent lubricant wastewater until the owner or operator:

(i) Performs a subsequent analysis which demonstrates that the concentrations of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds do not exceed the levels specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section; or

(ii) Substitutes a new tube reducing lubricant and thereafter complies with the requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this section; or

(iii) Determines the source of the pollutant whose concentration exceeded the level specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section and demonstrates to the satisfaction of the NPDES issuing authority that such source has been eliminated.

(5) The concentration limits specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section apply at the point of discharge from the tube reducing process. However, sampling after the tube reducing wastewater has been commingled with other wastewaters is permitted if:

(i) Any dilution caused by the other wastewaters is taken into account in determining the appropriate (i.e., lower) allowable discharge concentration; and

(ii) An analytical method of sufficient sensitivity is used to measure the levels of each of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds in the wastewaters being sampled.

(e) Drawing spent neat oils - subpart C - NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(f) Drawing spent emulsions.

(g) Extrusion spent lubricants - subpart C - NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(h) Extrusion press or solution heat treatment contact cooling water.

(i) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(j) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

(k) Forging contact cooling water.

(l) Forging press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(m) Forging spent lubricants - subpart C - NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(n) Stationary casting contact cooling water.

(o) Vacuum melting steam condensate - subpart C - NSPS. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(p) Metal powder production atomization wastewater.

(q) Annealing and solution heat treatment contact cooling water - subpart C - NSPS. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(r) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

(s) Surface treatment spent baths.

(t) Surface treatment rinse.

(u) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

(v) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

(w) Molten salt rinse.

(x) Ammonia rinse.

(y) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

(z) Sawing or grinding rinse.

(aa) Steam cleaning condensate.

(bb) Hydrostatic tube testing and ultrasonic testing wastewater - subpart C - NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(cc) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart C - NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(dd) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.

(ee) Electrocoating rinse.

(ff) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2885, Jan. 22, 1986, as amended at 54 FR 11349, Mar. 17, 1989; 54 FR 13606, Apr. 4, 1989]

§471.34 Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and by August 23, 1988 achieve the following pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES). The mass of wastewater pollutants in nickel-cobalt forming wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:

(a) Rolling spent neat oils - subpart C - PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(b) Rolling spent emulsions.

(c) Rolling contact cooling water.

(d) Tube Reducing Spent Lubricant - subpart C - PSES.(1) There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants except as provided under paragraph (d)(2) of this section.

(2) Process wastewater pollutants may be discharged, with no allowance for any pollutants discharged, provided the facility owner or operator demonstrates, on the basis of analytical methods set forth in or approved pursuant to 40 CFR part 136, that the concentrations of nitrosamine compounds in the wastewater discharged from the tube reducing process do not exceed 0.050 mg/l of N-nitrosodimethylamine, 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodiphenylamine, and 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine.

(3) The demonstration required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section shall be made once per month until the demonstration has been made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months, after which time the demonstration may be made once per quarter. If a sample is found to contain any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds at concentrations greater than those specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the actions described in paragraph (d)(4) of this section shall be taken, and the demonstration required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section shall be made once per month until it has been made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months.

(4) If sampling results show that any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds is present in the process wastewater at concentrations greater than those specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the facility owner or operator shall ensure that, within thirty days of receiving written notification of the sampling results, there is no further discharge of tube reducing spent lubricant wastewater until the owner or operator:

(i) Performs a subsequent analysis which demonstrates that the concentrations of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds do not exceed the levels specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section; or

(ii) Substitutes a new tube reducing lubricant and thereafter complies with the requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this section; or

(iii) Determines the source of the pollutant whose concentration exceeded the level specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section and demonstrates to the satisfaction of the POTW control authority that such source has been eliminated.

(5) The concentration limits specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section apply at the point of discharge from the tube reducing process. However, sampling after the tube reducing wastewater has been commingled with other wastewaters is permitted if:

(i) Any dilution caused by the other wastewaters is taken into account in determining the appropriate (i.e., lower) allowable discharge concentration; and

(ii) An analytical method of sufficient sensitivity is used to measure the levels of each of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds in the wastewaters being sampled.

(e) Drawing spent neat oils - subpart C - PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(f) Drawing spent emulsions.

(g) Extrusion spent lubricants - subpart C - PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(h) Extrusion press or solution heat treatment contact cooling water.

(i) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(j) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

(k) Forging contact cooling water.

(l) Forging press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(m) Forging spent lubricants - subpart C - PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(n) Stationary casting contact cooling water.

(o) Vacuum melting steam condensate - subpart C - PSES. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of wastewater pollutants.

(p) Metal powder production atomization wastewater.

(q) Annealing and solution heat treatment contact cooling water - subpart C - PSES. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of wastewater pollutants.

(r) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

(s) Surface treatment spent baths.

(t) Surface treatment rinse.

(u) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

(v) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

(w) Molten salt rinse.

(x) Ammonia rinse.

(y) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

(z) Sawing or grinding rinse.

(aa) Steam cleaning condensate.

(bb) Hydrostatic Tube Testing and Ultrasonic Testing Wastewater - subpart C - PSES. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(cc) Degreasing Spent Solvents - subpart C - PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(dd) Dye Penetrant Testing Wastewater.

(ee) Electrocoating rinse.

(ff) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2885, Jan. 22, 1986, as amended at 54 FR 11349, Mar. 17, 1989; 54 FR 13606, Apr. 4, 1989]

§471.35 Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7, any new source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources. The mass of wastewater pollutants in nickel-cobalt forming process wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:

(a) Rolling spent neat oils - subpart C - PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(b) Rolling spent emulsions.

(c) Rolling contact cooling water.

(d) Tube Reducing Spent Lubricant - subpart C - PSNS.(1) There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants except as provided under paragraph (d)(2) of this section

(2) Process wastewater pollutants may be discharged, with no allowance for any pollutants discharged, provided the facility owner or operator demonstrates, on the basis of analytical methods set forth in or approved pursuant to 40 CFR part 136, that the concentrations of nitrosamine compounds in the wastewater discharged from the tube reducing process do not exceed 0.050 mg/l of N-nitrosodimethylamine, 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodiphenylamine, and 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine.

(3) The demonstration required under subparagraph (d)(2) of this section shall be made once per month until the demonstration has been made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months, after which time the demonstration may be made once per quarter. If a sample is found to contain any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds at concentrations greater than those specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the actions described in paragraph (d)(4) of this section shall be taken, and the demonstration required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section shall be made once per month until it has been made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months.

(4) If sampling results show that any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds is present in the process wastewater at concentrations greater than those specified in subparagraph (d)(2) of this section, the facility owner or operator shall ensure that, within thirty days of receiving written notification of the sampling results, there is no further discharge of tube reducing spent lubricant wastewater until the owner or operator:

(i) Performs a subsequent analysis which demonstrates that the concentrations of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds do not exceed the levels specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section (2); or

(ii) Substitutes a new tube reducing lubricant and thereafter complies with the requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this section; or

(iii) Determines the source of the pollutant whose concentration exceeded the level specified in subparagraph (2) above and demonstrates to the satisfaction of the POTW control authority that such source has been eliminated.

(5) The concentration limits specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section apply at the point of discharge from the tube reducing process. However, sampling after the tube reducing wastewater has been commingled with other wastewaters is permitted if:

(i) Any dilution caused by the other wastewaters is taken into account in determining the appropriate (i.e., lower) allowable discharge concentration; and

(ii) An analytical method of sufficient sensitivity is used to measure the levels of each of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds in the wastewaters being sampled.

(e) Drawing spent neat oils - subpart C - PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(f) Drawing spent emulsions.

(g) Extrusion spent lubricants - subpart C - PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(h) Extrusion press or solution heat treatment contact cooling water.

(i) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(j) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

(k) Forging contact cooling water.

(l) Forging press hydraulic fluid leakage.

(m) Forging spent lubricants - subpart C - PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(n) Stationary casting contact cooling water.

(o) Vacuum melting steam condensate - subpart C - PSNS. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(p) Metal powder production atomization wastewater.

(q) Annealing and Solution Heat Treatment Contact Cooling Water - subpart C - PSNS. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of process wastewater pollutant.

(r) Wet Air Pollution Control Scrubber Blowdown.

(s) Surface treatment spent baths.

(t) Surface treatment rinse.

(u) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

(v) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

(w) Molten salt rinse.

(x) Ammonia rinse.

(y) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

(z) Sawing or grinding rinse.

(aa) Steam cleaning condensate.

(bb) Hydrostatic tube testing and ultrasonic testing wastewater - subpart C - PSNS. There shall be no allowance discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(cc) Degreasing spent solvents - subpart C - PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(dd) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.

(ee) Electrocoating rinse.

(ff) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2886, Jan. 22, 1986, as amended at 54 FR 11350, Mar. 17, 1989]

§471.36 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). [Reserved]

§471.40 Applicability; description of the precious metals forming subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges of pollutants to waters of the United States, and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the process operations of the precious metals forming subcategory.

§471.41 Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations for the process operations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT):

(a) Rolling spent neat oils - subpart D - BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(b) Rolling spent emulsions.