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(a) For a new or reconstructed affected source, you must emit no organic HAP during each compliance period, determined according to the procedures in §63.4941.
(b) Alternative emission limit. You may request approval from the Administrator to use an alternative new source emission limit for specific metal furniture components or type of components for which you believe the emission limit in paragraph (a) of this section cannot be achieved.
(1) Any request to use an alternative emission limit under paragraph (b) of this section must contain specific information demonstrating why no organic HAP-free coating technology can be used on the metal furniture components. The request must be based on objective criteria related to the performance or appearance requirements of the finished coating, which may include but is not limited to the criteria listed in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (viii) of this section.
(i) Low dried film thickness requirements (e.g., less than 0.0254 millimeters (0.001 inch)).
(ii) Flexibility requirements for parts subject to repeated bending.
(iii) Chemical resistance to withstand chemical exposure in environments such as laboratories.
(iv) Resistance to the effects of exposure to ultraviolet light.
(v) Adhesion characteristics related to the condition of the substrate.
(vi) High gloss requirements.
(vii) Custom colors such as matching the color of a corporate logo.
(viii) Non-uniform surface finishes such as an antique appearance that requires visible cracking of the dried film.
(2) If the request to use an alternative emission limit under paragraph (b) of this section is approved, the new source must meet an emission limit of 0.094 kilogram (kg) organic HAP per liter (kg/liter) (0.78 pounds per gallon (lb/gal)) coating solids used for only those components subject to the approval. All other metal furniture surface coating operations at the new source must meet the emission limit specified in paragraph (a) of this section. Until approval to use the alternative emission limit has been granted by the Administrator under this paragraph (b)(2), you must meet the emission limit specified in paragraph (a) of this section and all other applicable requirements in this subpart.
(c) For an existing affected source, you must limit organic HAP emissions to the atmosphere to no more than 0.10 kg organic HAP per liter (0.83 lb/gal) of coating solids used during each compliance period, determined according to the procedures in §63.4941, §63.4951, or §63.4961.
You must include all coatings, thinners, and cleaning materials used in the affected source when determining whether the organic HAP emission rate is equal to or less than the applicable emission limit in §63.4890. To make this determination, you must use at least one of the three compliance options listed in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section. You may apply any of the compliance options to an individual coating operation or to multiple coating operations as a group or to the entire affected source. You may use different compliance options for different coating operations or at different times on the same coating operation. However, you may not use different compliance options at the same time on the same coating operation. If you switch between compliance options for any coating operation or group of coating operations, you must document this switch as required by §63.4930(c), and you must report it in the next semiannual (6-month period) compliance report required in §63.4920.
(a) Compliant material option. Demonstrate that the organic HAP content of each coating used in the coating operation or group of coating operations is less than or equal to the applicable emission rate limit in §63.4890 and that each thinner and each cleaning material used contains no organic HAP. You must meet all the requirements of §§63.4940, 63.4941, and 63.4942 to demonstrate compliance with the emission limit using this option.
(b) Emission rate without add-on controls option. Demonstrate that, based on the coatings, thinners, and cleaning materials used in the coating operation or group of coating operations, the organic HAP emission rate for the coating operation or group of coating operations is less than or equal to the applicable emission rate limit in §63.4890, calculated as a monthly emission rate. You must meet all the requirements of §§63.4950, 63.4951, and 63.4952 to demonstrate compliance with the emission rate limit using this option.
(c) Emission rate with add-on controls option. Demonstrate that, based on the coatings, thinners, and cleaning materials used in the coating operation or group of coating operations, and the emission reductions achieved by emission capture and add-on control systems, the organic HAP emission rate is less than or equal to the applicable emission rate limit in §63.4890, calculated as a monthly emission rate. If you use this compliance option, you must also demonstrate that all capture systems and add-on control devices for the coating operation or group of coating operations meet the operating limits required in §63.4892, except for solvent recovery systems for which you conduct liquid-liquid material balances according to §63.4961(j); and that you meet the work practice standards required in §63.4893. You must meet all the requirements of §§63.4960 through 63.4967 to demonstrate compliance with the emission limits, operating limits, and work practice standards using this option.
(d) If you choose to use the emission rate with add-on controls compliance option in paragraph (c) of this section and operate the coating operation, its emission capture system, or its add-on control device at multiple sets of representative operating conditions that result in different capture system or add-on control device efficiencies during a compliance period, you must follow one of the procedures in paragraph (d)(1) or (2) of this section.
(1) Determine the operating conditions that result in the lowest emission capture system and add-on control device efficiencies through performance testing conducted according to §§63.4963, 63.4964, and 63.4965. Use these emission capture system and add-on control device efficiencies for all representative operating conditions during the compliance period.
(2) Develop a compliance calculation procedure for determining the organic HAP emission rate for the compliance period that takes into account all of the representative operating conditions the source was operated under during the compliance period and submit the procedure to the Administrator for approval. Until you receive approval from the Administrator, you must determine compliance according to paragraph (c) of this section.
(a) For any coating operation or group of coating operations for which you use the compliant material option or the emission rate without add-on controls option to demonstrate compliance, you are not required to meet any operating limits.
(b) For any coating operation or group of coating operations for which you use the emission rate with add-on controls option to demonstrate compliance, except those for which you use a solvent recovery system and conduct a liquid-liquid material balance according to §63.4961(j), you must meet the operating limits specified in Table 1 to this subpart. These operating limits apply to the emission capture and control systems on the coating operation or group of coating operations for which you use emission capture and add-on controls to demonstrate compliance. You must establish the operating limits during the performance test according to the requirements in §63.4966. You must meet the operating limits at all times after you establish them.
(c) If you use an add-on control device other than those listed in Table 1 to this subpart, or wish to monitor an alternative parameter and comply with a different operating limit, you must apply to the Administrator for approval of alternative monitoring under §63.8(f).
(a) For any coating operation or group of coating operations for which you use the compliant material option or the emission rate without add-on controls option to demonstrate compliance, you are not required to meet any work practice standards.
(b) For any coating operation or group of coating operations for which you use the emission rate with add-on controls option to demonstrate compliance, you must develop and implement a work practice plan to minimize organic HAP emissions from the storage, mixing, and conveying of coatings, thinners, and cleaning materials used in, and waste materials generated by, the coating operation or group of coating operations for which you use this option; or you must meet an alternative standard as provided in paragraph (c) of this section. The plan must specify practices and procedures to ensure that, at a minimum, the elements specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section are implemented.
(1) All organic-HAP-containing coatings, thinners, cleaning materials, and waste materials must be stored in closed containers. You must ensure that these containers are kept closed at all times except when depositing or removing these materials from the container.
(2) Spills of organic-HAP-containing coatings, thinners, cleaning materials, and waste materials must be minimized.
(3) Organic-HAP-containing coatings, thinners, cleaning materials, and waste materials must be conveyed from one location to another in closed containers or pipes.
(4) Mixing vessels which contain organic-HAP-containing coatings and other materials must be closed except when adding to, removing, or mixing the contents.
(5) Emissions of organic HAP must be minimized during cleaning of storage, mixing, and conveying equipment.
(c) As provided in §63.6(g), the Administrator may choose to grant you permission to use an alternative to the work practice standards in this section.