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If hazardous materials are shipped in smaller non-bulk packagings, they may qualify for the limited quantities exception. If the material qualifies, then the shipper may not have to comply with certain parts of the hazardous materials regulations.
The exception can be used only if the hazardous materials table references a section in part 173 that allows for limited quantities. If so, a package containing limited quantities must be marked with a special limited quantity marking. There are different markings depending on the mode in which the limited quantity will be shipped.
Scope
Limited quantity marking requirements apply to hazmat shippers utilizing the limited quantity exceptions.
Regulatory citations
- 49 CFR 172.301 — General marking requirements for non-bulk packagings
- 49 CFR 172.315 — Limited quantities
Key definitions
- Combination package: A combination of packaging, for transport purposes, consisting of one or more inner packagings secured in a non-bulk outer packaging.
- Limited quantity: The maximum amount of a hazardous material for which there is a specific labeling or packaging exception.
- Outer packaging: The outermost enclosure of a composite or combination packaging together with any absorbent materials, cushioning and any other components necessary to contain and protect inner receptacles or inner packagings.
- Package: A packaging plus its contents.
- Packaging: A receptacle and any other components or materials necessary for the receptacle to perform its containment function in conformance with the minimum packing requirements.
Summary of requirements
Non-air package. A package containing a limited quantity of hazardous materials must display the square-on-point limited quantity marking. A package displaying the limited quantity marking is not required to be marked with the proper shipping name or identification number, unless the material is a hazardous substance or hazardous waste. 
The width of the border forming the square-on-point marking must be at least 2 mm. Each side of the marking must be at least 100 mm. If package size requires a reduced size marking, then each side of the marking may be reduced to no less than 50 mm. For cargo transport units transported by water, each side of the marking must have a minimum size of 250 mm.
Air package. Packages meeting the requirements for air transport must display the square-on-point “Y” limited quantity marking. A package displaying the “Y” limited quantity marking is required to be marked with the proper shipping name and identification number when transported by air.
The width of the border forming the square-on-point marking must be at least 2 mm. Each side of the marking must be at least 100 mm. If package size requires a reduced size marking, then each side of the marking may be reduced to no less than 50 mm. Packages displaying the square-on-point “Y” limited quantity marking are authorized for transport by all modes of transportation, provided the packaging and quantities also meet the requirements for air transport.