How must a portable ladder be set up and used?

OSHA addresses how a portable ladder must be setup and used in 1910.23(c). The Agency also provides ladder safety tips in various guidance documents that include instructions on safe ladder use. Specifically, OSHA requires and recommends the following:

• Only use the ladder for the purpose for which it is designed.
• Read all labels and markings before use.
• Evaluate the area in which the ladder will be used for hazards (e.g., overhead hazards, slippery surface).
• Position the ladder on a stable, level surface.
• Place the base of the ladder a quarter of the working length of the ladder from the wall or other vertical surface.
• Position the ladder so the side rails extend at least 3 feet above the upper surface of a roof, mezzanine, etc.
• Ensure that spreaders and locking devices are properly engaged.
• Secure and stabilize the ladder to prevent displacement.
• Erect a temporary barricade (e.g., traffic cones or caution tape) to keep activities and traffic away from the ladder.
• Do not exceed the maximum load rating of the ladder.