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Head protection for construction activities

RegSenseezExplanationHead ProtectionPersonal Protective EquipmentSafety & HealthConstruction SafetyBest ResultsOccupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), DOLEnglishFocus AreaPersonal Protective EquipmentUSA

Thousands of head injuries occur each year in construction. Head injuries are caused by falling or flying objects, bumping the head against a fixed object, or electrical shock and burns.

Scope

Employees working in areas where there is a possible danger of head injury from impact, or from falling or flying objects, or from electrical shock and burns.

Regulatory citations

Key definitions

  • ANSI Z89.1: An American National Standard for the design, testing, and use of head protection. There are three editions of the standard for which OSHA says head protection can meet to comply with 1910.135 (1997, 2003, and 2009).
  • Hard hats (head protectors): Hard hats are worn by employees to lessen injury from falling objects; the equipment has a hard outer shell and a suspension system inside. Head protection is currently made and labeled as one of two types and one of three classes:
    • Type 1 Helmets: intended to reduce the force of impact resulting from a blow only to the top of the head.
    • Type 2 Helmets: intended to reduce the force of impact resulting from a blow to the top or sides of the head.
    • Class G helmets are intended to reduce the danger of contact exposure to low voltage conductors. Test samples are proof-tested at 2200 volts (phase to ground). This voltage is not intended as an indication of the voltage at which the helmet protects the wearer.
    • Class E helmets are intended to reduce the danger of contact with higher voltage conductors. Test samples are proof-tested at 20,000 volts (phase to ground). This voltage is not intended as an indication of the voltage at which the helmet protects the wearer.
    • Class C helmets are not intended to provide protection against contact with electrical hazards.

Summary of requirements

The following are required by OSHA with regard to head protection:

  • Assess the workplace for areas where employees could receive head injury from falling objects, or contact with exposed electrical conductors.
  • Select appropriate head protection for the hazard, taking into account any electrical hazards.
  • Ensure head protection meets one of three editions of ANSI Z89.1 standards (1997, 2003, or 2009, or equivalent).
  • Provide head protection at no cost to the employee.
  • Train employees on how to use and care for head protection.
  • Enforce the use of head protection when needed.
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['Personal Protective Equipment']
['Personal Protective Equipment', 'Head Protection']
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