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Federal law generally does not regulate employment contracts between employers and employees with one exception: contracts that require the joining or refraining from joining of a labor union as a condition of employment. On the federal level, these contracts are governed by the National Labor Relations Act. States may have a corresponding provision and may also have additional provisions regarding employment contracts.
Texas law has a similar provision to federal regarding union membership. It also has additional provisions concerning employment contracts.
Union membership
A contract that requires union membership or non-membership as a condition of employment is void. Texas Labor Code Ch. 101, §101.053
Waiver of rights
An employer may not require an employee to waive his or her rights to unemployment compensation benefits. Texas Labor Code Ch. 207, §207.072
Deduction for union dues
A contract that permits the employer to withhold a portion of an employee’s wages to pay for union dues is void unless the employee provides written authorization. Texas Labor Code Ch. 101, §101.004
Non-compete clause
A covenant not to compete is an enforceable agreement if it contains limitations as to time, geographical area, and scope of activity to be restricted that are reasonable, and impose on the employee only so much as is necessary to protect the interests of the employer. Texas Business and Commerce Code Ch.15, §15.50
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Regulations
Texas Labor Code
Texas Business and Commerce Code
Union membership
Texas Labor Code, Title 3, Chapter 101 Labor Organizations, Subchapter B, §101.053
Waiver of rights
Texas Labor Code, Title 4, Chapter 207 Benefits, Subtitle A, Subchapter D, §207.072
Deduction for union dues
Texas Labor Code, Title 3, Chapter 101 Labor Organizations, Subchapter A, §101.004
Non-compete clause
Texas Business and Commerce Code, Title 2, Chapter 15 Monopolies, Trusts and Conspiracies in Restraint of Trade, Subchapter E, §15.50