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InstituteEnvironmental EdgeSafe Drinking WaterWater ProgramsMaximum Contaminant LevelsEnvironmentalWater QualityChartsEnglishAnalysisFocus AreaUSA

SDWA — Primary drinking water standards

The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) established the authority for EPA to set The National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR). These regulations set legally enforceable primary standards and treatment techniques that apply to public water systems. EPA has set standards on over 90 contaminants in drinking water. These primary standards and treatment techniques protect public health by limiting the levels of contaminants in drinking water.

Federal regulatory citation

40 CFR 142

Primary Drinking Water Standards
Drinking water contam-inantPrimary standards and treatment tech-niques  (Units are in milligrams per liter (mg/L) unless otherwise noted)Disinfetion by-productsDisinfect-antsInorganic chemicalsOrganic chemicalsMicro-organ-ismsRadionuclidesContam-inant source(s)
1,1,1-Trichloro-ethaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.2 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.2XDischarge from metal degreasing sites and other factories
1,1,2-Trichloro-ethaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.003 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
1,1-Dichloro-ethyleneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.007 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.007XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
1,2,4-Trichloro-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.07 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.07XDischarge from textile finishing factories
1,2-Dibromo-3- chloropro-pane (DBCP)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0002XRunoff/leaching from soil fumigant used on soybeans, cotton, pineapples, and orchards
1,2-Dichloro-ethaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
1,2-Dichloro-propaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.05 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.05XResidue of banned herbicide
2,4-DMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.07 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.07XRunoff from herbicide used on row crops
AcrylamideMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT) = 0.05% dosed at 1 mg/L (or equivalent)XAdded to water during sewage/wastewater treatment
AlachlorMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XRunoff from herbicide used on row crops
Alpha particlesMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 15 picocuries per Liter (pCi/L)XErosion of natural deposits of certain minerals that are radioactive and may emit a form of radiation known as alpha radiation
AntimonyMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.006 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.006XDischarge from petroleum refineries; fire retardants; ceramics; electronics; solder
ArsenicMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.010XErosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards, runoff from glass and electronics production wastes
Asbestos (fiber > 10 micro-meters)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 7 million fibers per liter (MFL) Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 7 MFLXDecay of asbestos cement in water mains; erosion of natural deposits
AtrazineMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.003 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.003XRunoff from herbicide used on row crops
BariumMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 2 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 2XDischarge of drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits
BenzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from factories; leaching from gas storage tanks and landfills
Benzo(a)-pyrene (PAHs)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0002XLeaching from linings of water storage tanks and distribution lines
BerylliumMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.004 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.004XDischarge from metal refineries and coal-burning factories; discharge from electrical, aerospace, and defense industries
Beta particles and photon emittersMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 4 millirems per yearXDecay of natural and artificial deposits of certain minerals that are radioactive and may emit forms of radiation known as photons and beta radiation
BromateMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.01XByproduct of drinking water disinfection
CadmiumMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.005 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XCorrosion of galvanized pipes; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from metal refineries; runoff from waste batteries and paints
CarbofuranMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.04 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.04XLeaching of soil fumigant used on rice and alfalfa
Carbon tetra-chlorideMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from chemical plants and other industrial activities
Chlora-mines (as Cl2)Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG) = 41 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) = 4.01XWater additive used to control microbes
ChlordaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XResidue of banned termiticide
Chlorine (as Cl2)Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG) = 41 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) = 4.01XWater additive used to control microbes
Chlorine dioxide (as ClO2)Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG) = 0.81 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) = 0.81XWater additive used to control microbes
ChloriteMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.8 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 1.0XByproduct of drinking water disinfection
Chloro-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.1XDischarge from chemical and agricultural chemical factories
Chromium (total)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.1XDischarge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits
cis-1,2-Dichloro-ethyleneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.07 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.07XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
CopperMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 1.3 Treatment Technique (TT) action level = 1.3XCorrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits
Crypto-sporidiumMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT)XHuman and animal fecal waste
Cyanide (as free cyanide)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.2 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.2XDischarge from steel/metal factories; discharge from plastic and fertilizer factories
DalaponMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.2 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.2XRunoff from herbicide used on rights of way
Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipateMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.4 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.4XDischarge from chemical factories
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalateMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.006XDischarge from rubber and chemical factories
Dichloro-methaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from drug and chemical factories
DinosebMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.007 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.007XRunoff from herbicide used on soybeans and vegetables
Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.00000003XEmissions from waste incineration and other combustion; discharge from chemical factories
DiquatMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.02 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.02XRunoff from herbicide use
EndothallMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.1XRunoff from herbicide use
EndrinMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.002 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XResidue of banned insecticide
Epichloro-hydrinMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT) = 0.01% dosed at 20 mg/L (or equivalent)XDischarge from industrial chemical factories; an impurity of some water treatment chemicals
Ethyl-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.7 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.7XDischarge from petroleum refineries
Ethylene dibromideMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.00005XDischarge from petroleum refineries
FluorideMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 4 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 4XWater additive which promotes strong teeth; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories
Giardia lambliaMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT)XHuman and animal fecal waste
GlyphosateMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.7 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.7XRunoff from herbicide use
Haloacetic acids (HAA5)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = None Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.06XByproduct of drinking water disinfection
HeptachlorMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0004XResidue of banned termiticide
Heptachlor epoxideMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0002XBreakdown of heptachlor
Heterotro-phic plate count (HPC)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = N/A Treatment Technique (TT)XHPC measures a range of bacteria that are naturally present in the environment
Hexachloro-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.001XDischarge from metal refineries and agricultural chemical factories
Hexachloro-cyclopen-tadieneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.05 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.05XDischarge from chemical factories
LeadMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT) action level = 0.01XCorrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits
LegionellaMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT)XFound naturally in water; multiplies in heating systems
LindaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.0002 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0002XRunoff/leaching from insecticide used on cattle, lumber, gardens
Mercury (inorganic)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.002 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XErosion of natural deposits; discharge from refineries and factories; runoff from landfills and croplands
Methoxy-chlorMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.04 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.04XRunoff/leaching from insecticide used on fruits, vegetables, alfalfa, livestock
Nitrate (measured as Nitrogen)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 10 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 10XRunoff from fertilizer use; leaking from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits
Nitrite (measured as Nitrogen)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 1XRunoff from fertilizer use; leaking from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits
o-Dichloro-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.6 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.6XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
Oxamyl (Vydate)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.2 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.2XRunoff/leaching from insecticide used on apples, potatoes, and tomatoes
p-Dichloro-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.075 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.075XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
Pentachloro-phenolMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.001XDischarge from wood preserving factories
PicloramMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.5 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.5XHerbicide runoff
Polychlor-inated biphenyls (PCBs)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0005XRunoff from landfills; discharge of waste chemicals
Radium 226 and Radium 228 (combined)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 5 pCi/LXErosion of natural deposits
SeleniumMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.05 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.05XDischarge from petroleum refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines
SimazineMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.004 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.004XHerbicide runoff
StyreneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.1XDischarge from rubber and plastic factories; leaching from landfills
Tetrachloro-ethyleneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from factories and dry cleaners
ThalliumMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.0005 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XLeaching from ore-processing sites; discharge from electronics, glass, and drug factories
TolueneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 1XDischarge from petroleum factories
Total Coliforms (including fecal coliform and E. Coli)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 5.0%XColiforms are naturally present in the environment; as well as feces; fecal coliforms and E. coli only come from human and animal fecal waste.
Total Trihalo-methanes (TTHMs)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = None Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = > 0.080XByproduct of drinking water disinfection
ToxapheneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.003XRunoff/leaching from insecticide used on cotton and cattle
trans-1,2-Dichloro-ethyleneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.1XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
Trichloro-ethyleneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from metal degreasing sites and other factories
TurbidityMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = N/A Treatment Technique (TT)XSoil runoff
UraniumMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 30 ug/LXErosion of natural deposits
Vinyl chlorideMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XLeaching from PVC pipes; discharge from plastic factories
Viruses (enteric)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT)XHuman and animal fecal waste
Xylenes (total)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 10 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 10XDischarge from petroleum factories; discharge from chemical factories
water-programs
Water Programs
ENVIRONMENTAL EDGE

The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) established the authority for EPA to set The National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR). These regulations set legally enforceable primary standards and treatment techniques that apply to public water systems. EPA has set standards on over 90 contaminants in drinking water. These primary standards and treatment techniques protect public health by limiting the levels of contaminants in drinking water.

Federal regulatory citation

40 CFR 142

Primary Drinking Water Standards
Drinking water contam-inantPrimary standards and treatment tech-niques  (Units are in milligrams per liter (mg/L) unless otherwise noted)Disinfetion by-productsDisinfect-antsInorganic chemicalsOrganic chemicalsMicro-organ-ismsRadionuclidesContam-inant source(s)
1,1,1-Trichloro-ethaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.2 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.2XDischarge from metal degreasing sites and other factories
1,1,2-Trichloro-ethaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.003 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
1,1-Dichloro-ethyleneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.007 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.007XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
1,2,4-Trichloro-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.07 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.07XDischarge from textile finishing factories
1,2-Dibromo-3- chloropro-pane (DBCP)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0002XRunoff/leaching from soil fumigant used on soybeans, cotton, pineapples, and orchards
1,2-Dichloro-ethaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
1,2-Dichloro-propaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.05 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.05XResidue of banned herbicide
2,4-DMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.07 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.07XRunoff from herbicide used on row crops
AcrylamideMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT) = 0.05% dosed at 1 mg/L (or equivalent)XAdded to water during sewage/wastewater treatment
AlachlorMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XRunoff from herbicide used on row crops
Alpha particlesMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 15 picocuries per Liter (pCi/L)XErosion of natural deposits of certain minerals that are radioactive and may emit a form of radiation known as alpha radiation
AntimonyMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.006 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.006XDischarge from petroleum refineries; fire retardants; ceramics; electronics; solder
ArsenicMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.010XErosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards, runoff from glass and electronics production wastes
Asbestos (fiber > 10 micro-meters)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 7 million fibers per liter (MFL) Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 7 MFLXDecay of asbestos cement in water mains; erosion of natural deposits
AtrazineMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.003 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.003XRunoff from herbicide used on row crops
BariumMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 2 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 2XDischarge of drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits
BenzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from factories; leaching from gas storage tanks and landfills
Benzo(a)-pyrene (PAHs)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0002XLeaching from linings of water storage tanks and distribution lines
BerylliumMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.004 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.004XDischarge from metal refineries and coal-burning factories; discharge from electrical, aerospace, and defense industries
Beta particles and photon emittersMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 4 millirems per yearXDecay of natural and artificial deposits of certain minerals that are radioactive and may emit forms of radiation known as photons and beta radiation
BromateMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.01XByproduct of drinking water disinfection
CadmiumMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.005 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XCorrosion of galvanized pipes; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from metal refineries; runoff from waste batteries and paints
CarbofuranMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.04 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.04XLeaching of soil fumigant used on rice and alfalfa
Carbon tetra-chlorideMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from chemical plants and other industrial activities
Chlora-mines (as Cl2)Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG) = 41 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) = 4.01XWater additive used to control microbes
ChlordaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XResidue of banned termiticide
Chlorine (as Cl2)Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG) = 41 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) = 4.01XWater additive used to control microbes
Chlorine dioxide (as ClO2)Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG) = 0.81 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) = 0.81XWater additive used to control microbes
ChloriteMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.8 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 1.0XByproduct of drinking water disinfection
Chloro-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.1XDischarge from chemical and agricultural chemical factories
Chromium (total)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.1XDischarge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits
cis-1,2-Dichloro-ethyleneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.07 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.07XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
CopperMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 1.3 Treatment Technique (TT) action level = 1.3XCorrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits
Crypto-sporidiumMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT)XHuman and animal fecal waste
Cyanide (as free cyanide)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.2 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.2XDischarge from steel/metal factories; discharge from plastic and fertilizer factories
DalaponMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.2 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.2XRunoff from herbicide used on rights of way
Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipateMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.4 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.4XDischarge from chemical factories
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalateMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.006XDischarge from rubber and chemical factories
Dichloro-methaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from drug and chemical factories
DinosebMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.007 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.007XRunoff from herbicide used on soybeans and vegetables
Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.00000003XEmissions from waste incineration and other combustion; discharge from chemical factories
DiquatMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.02 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.02XRunoff from herbicide use
EndothallMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.1XRunoff from herbicide use
EndrinMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.002 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XResidue of banned insecticide
Epichloro-hydrinMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT) = 0.01% dosed at 20 mg/L (or equivalent)XDischarge from industrial chemical factories; an impurity of some water treatment chemicals
Ethyl-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.7 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.7XDischarge from petroleum refineries
Ethylene dibromideMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.00005XDischarge from petroleum refineries
FluorideMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 4 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 4XWater additive which promotes strong teeth; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories
Giardia lambliaMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT)XHuman and animal fecal waste
GlyphosateMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.7 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.7XRunoff from herbicide use
Haloacetic acids (HAA5)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = None Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.06XByproduct of drinking water disinfection
HeptachlorMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0004XResidue of banned termiticide
Heptachlor epoxideMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0002XBreakdown of heptachlor
Heterotro-phic plate count (HPC)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = N/A Treatment Technique (TT)XHPC measures a range of bacteria that are naturally present in the environment
Hexachloro-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.001XDischarge from metal refineries and agricultural chemical factories
Hexachloro-cyclopen-tadieneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.05 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.05XDischarge from chemical factories
LeadMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT) action level = 0.01XCorrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits
LegionellaMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT)XFound naturally in water; multiplies in heating systems
LindaneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.0002 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0002XRunoff/leaching from insecticide used on cattle, lumber, gardens
Mercury (inorganic)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.002 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XErosion of natural deposits; discharge from refineries and factories; runoff from landfills and croplands
Methoxy-chlorMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.04 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.04XRunoff/leaching from insecticide used on fruits, vegetables, alfalfa, livestock
Nitrate (measured as Nitrogen)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 10 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 10XRunoff from fertilizer use; leaking from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits
Nitrite (measured as Nitrogen)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 1XRunoff from fertilizer use; leaking from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits
o-Dichloro-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.6 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.6XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
Oxamyl (Vydate)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.2 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.2XRunoff/leaching from insecticide used on apples, potatoes, and tomatoes
p-Dichloro-benzeneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.075 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.075XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
Pentachloro-phenolMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.001XDischarge from wood preserving factories
PicloramMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.5 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.5XHerbicide runoff
Polychlor-inated biphenyls (PCBs)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.0005XRunoff from landfills; discharge of waste chemicals
Radium 226 and Radium 228 (combined)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 5 pCi/LXErosion of natural deposits
SeleniumMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.05 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.05XDischarge from petroleum refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines
SimazineMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.004 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.004XHerbicide runoff
StyreneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.1XDischarge from rubber and plastic factories; leaching from landfills
Tetrachloro-ethyleneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from factories and dry cleaners
ThalliumMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.0005 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XLeaching from ore-processing sites; discharge from electronics, glass, and drug factories
TolueneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 1XDischarge from petroleum factories
Total Coliforms (including fecal coliform and E. Coli)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 5.0%XColiforms are naturally present in the environment; as well as feces; fecal coliforms and E. coli only come from human and animal fecal waste.
Total Trihalo-methanes (TTHMs)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = None Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = > 0.080XByproduct of drinking water disinfection
ToxapheneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.003XRunoff/leaching from insecticide used on cotton and cattle
trans-1,2-Dichloro-ethyleneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0.1 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.1XDischarge from industrial chemical factories
Trichloro-ethyleneMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.005XDischarge from metal degreasing sites and other factories
TurbidityMaximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = N/A Treatment Technique (TT)XSoil runoff
UraniumMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 30 ug/LXErosion of natural deposits
Vinyl chlorideMaximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 0.002XLeaching from PVC pipes; discharge from plastic factories
Viruses (enteric)Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) = 0 Treatment Technique (TT)XHuman and animal fecal waste
Xylenes (total)Maximum Containant Level Goal (MCLG) = 10 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) = 10XDischarge from petroleum factories; discharge from chemical factories
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