The standard says that “when testing for atmospheric hazards, test first for oxygen, then for combustible gases and vapors, and then for toxic gases and vapors.” However, OSHA guidance has said “the type of testing that needs to be performed ... is dependent on the hazards that are present within the space; employers are not required to test substances which will not potentially be present.”
And the standard itself says “Test or monitor the permit space as necessary to determine if acceptable entry conditions are being maintained during ... entry operations.” [bold emphasis added] If the employer is certain there is no atmospheric hazard, testing is not required.