How is green (sustainable) manufacturing different from lean manufacturing?

The primary difference between sustainable and lean manufacturing is the intent: sustainable manufacturing seeks to minimize environmental impact, while lean manufacturing strives to achieve maximum efficiency. However, both approaches offer business and environmental advantages.

Sustainable manufacturing is the development of manufactured products through economically sound procedures that also minimize negative impacts on the environment. Depending on the activities used, manufacturers can implement sustainable practices almost immediately, such as turning off equipment when it’s not in use. The purpose of this approach is to benefit human health and the environment.

Lean manufacturing is a business model that focuses on eradicating non-value-added activities (waste) while delivering superior products on time at the least cost with higher efficiency. It requires a core concept change, shifting from mass production to product-aligned one-piece flow and pull production, which can take time. Although it’s not the focus of lean manufacturing, this approach typically results in significant environmental advantages.