Generally you’ll use the hierarchy of controls. That is, if you can eliminate the hazard, that is the best option. If you can’t eliminate it, then see if you can substitute a less hazardous chemical or equipment. Obviously those first two options won’t be possible in all cases. So, the next control to look at is engineering controls – that is, putting in ventilation, installing a guard, etc. Those are the preferred controls. After that, it is generally advised to look at administrative controls, such as teaching proper technique for lifting.
Lastly, employers may turn to PPE.