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07/11/2024
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(a) THC determination and initial THC/CH4contamination corrections. (1) If we require you to determine THC emissions, calculate THC[THC-FID]cor using the initial THC contamination concentration THC[THC-FID]init from §1065.520 as follows:
THC[THC-FID]cor = THC[THC-FID]uncor − THC[THC-FID]init
Eq. 1065.660-1
Example:
THCuncor = 150.3 µmol/mol
THCinit = 1.1 µmol/mol
THCcor = 150.3—1.1
THCcor = 149.2 µmol/mol
(2) For the NMHC determination described in paragraph (b) of this section, correct THC[THC-FID] for initial THC contamination using Eq. 1065.660-1. You may correct THC[NMC-FID] for initial contamination of the CH 4 sample train using Eq. 1065.660-1, substituting in CH 4 concentrations for THC.
(3) For the NMNEHC determination described in paragraph (c) of this section, correct THC[THC-FID] for initial THC contamination using Eq. 1065.660-1. You may correct THC[NMC-FID] for initial contamination of the CH 4 sample train using Eq. 1065.660-1, substituting in CH 4 concentrations for THC.
(4) For the CH 4 determination described in paragraph (d) of this section, you may correct THC[NMC-FID] for initial THC contamination of the CH 4 sample train using Eq. 1065.660-1, substituting in CH 4 concentrations for THC.
(5) You may calculate THC as the sum of NMHC and CH 4 if you determine CH 4 with an FTIR as described in paragraph (d)(2) of this section and NMHC with an FTIR using the additive method from paragraph (b)(4) of this section.
(6) You may calculate THC as the sum of NMNEHC, C 2 H 6 , and CH 4 if you determine CH 4 with an FTIR as described in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, C 2 H 6 with an FTIR as described in paragraph (e) of this section, and NMNEHC with an FTIR using the additive method from paragraph (c)(3) of this section.
(b) NMHC determination. Use one of the following to determine NMHC concentration, NMHC :
(1) If you do not measure CH 4 , you may omit the calculation of NMHC concentrations and calculate the mass of NMHC as described in §1065.650(c)(5).
(2) For an NMC, calculate NMHC using the NMC's penetration fractions, response factors, and/or combined penetration fractions and response factors as described in §1065.365, the THC FID's CH 4 response factor, RFCH4[THC-FID], from §1065.360, the initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected THC concentration, THC[THC-FID]cor, as determined in paragraph (a) of this section, and the dry-to-wet corrected CH 4 concentration, THC[NMC-FID]cor, optionally corrected for initial THC contamination as determined in paragraph (a) of this section.
(i) Use the following equation for an NMC configured as described in §1065.365(d):
Eq. 1065.660-2
Where:
NMHC = concentration of NMHC.
THC[THC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the THC FID during sampling while bypassing the NMC.
THC[NMC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination (optional) and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the NMC FID during sampling through the NMC.
RFCH4[THC-FID] = response factor of THC FID to CH 4, according to §1065.360(d).
RFPFC2H6[NMC-FID] = NMC combined C 2 H 6 response factor and penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(d).
RFPFCH4[NMC-FID] = NMC combined CH 4 response factor and penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(d).
Example:
THC[THC-FID]cor = 150.3 µmol/mol
THC[NMC-FID]cor = 20.5 µmol/mol
RFPFC2H6[NMC-FID] = 0.019
RFPFCH4[NMC-FID] = 1.000
RFCH4[THC-FID] = 1.05
(ii) Use the following equation for penetration fractions determined using an NMC configuration as outlined in §1065.365(e):
Eq. 1065.660-3
Where:
NMHC = concentration of NMHC.
THC[THC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the THC FID during sampling while bypassing the NMC.
PFCH4[NMC-FID] = NMC CH 4 penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(e).
THC[NMC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination (optional) and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the THC FID during sampling through the NMC.
PFC2H6[NMC-FID] = NMC C 2 H 6 penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(e).
Example:
THC[THC-FID]cor = 150.3 µmol/mol
PFCH4[NMC-FID] = 0.990
THC[NMC-FID]cor = 20.5 µmol/mol
PFC2H6[NMC-FID] = 0.020
(iii) Use the following equation for an NMC configured as described in §1065.365(f):
Eq. 1065.660-4
Where:
NMHC = concentration of NMHC.
THC[THC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the THC FID during sampling while bypassing the NMC.
PFCH4[NMC-FID] = NMC CH 4 penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(f).
THC[NMC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination (optional) and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the THC FID during sampling through the NMC.
RFPFC2H6[NMC-FID] = NMC combined C 2 H 6 response factor and penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(f).
RFCH4[THC-FID] = response factor of THC FID to CH 4, according to §1065.360(d).
Example:
THC[THC-FID]cor = 150.3 µmol/mol
PFCH4[NMC-FID] = 0.990
THC[NMC-FID]cor = 20.5 µmol/mol
RFPFC2H6[NMC-FID] = 0.019
RFCH4[THC-FID] = 0.980
(3) For a GC-FID or FTIR, calculate NMHC using the THC analyzer's CH 4 response factor, RFCH4[THC-FID], from §1065.360, and the initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected THC concentration, THC[THC-FID]cor, as determined in paragraph (a) of this section as follows:
χ NMHC = χ THC[THC-FID]cor − RFCH4[THC-FID] · χ CH4
Eq. 1065.660-5
Where:
NMHC = concentration of NMHC.
THC[THC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the THC FID.
RFCH4[THC-FID] = response factor of THC-FID to CH 4.
CH4 = concentration of CH 4, dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the GC-FID or FTIR.
Example:
THC[THC-FID]cor = 145.6 µmol/mol
RFCH4[THC-FID] = 0.970
CH4 = 18.9 µmol/mol
NMHC = 145.6—0.970 · 18.9
NMHC = 127.3 µmol/mol
(4) For an FTIR, calculate NMHC by summing the hydrocarbon species listed in §1065.266(c) as follows:
Eq. 1065.660-6
Where:
NMHC = concentration of NMHC.
HCi = the C 1 -equivalent concentration of hydrocarbon species i as measured by the FTIR, not corrected for initial contamination.
HCi-init = the C 1 -equivalent concentration of the initial system contamination (optional) of hydrocarbon species i, dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the FTIR.
Example:
C2H6 = 4.9 µmol/mol
C2H4 = 0.9 µmol/mol
C2H2 = 0.8 µmol/mol
C3H8 = 0.4 µmol/mol
C3H6 = 0.5 µmol/mol
C4H10 = 0.3 µmol/mol
CH2O = 0.8 µmol/mol
C2H4O = 0.3 µmol/mol
CH2O2 = 0.1 µmol/mol
CH4O = 0.1 µmol/mol
NMHC = 4.9 + 0.9 + 0.8 + 0.4 + 0.5 + 0.3 + 0.8 + 0.3 + 0.1 + 0.1
NMHC = 9.1 µmol/mol
(c) NMNEHC determination. Use one of the following methods to determine NMNEHC concentration, NMNEHC :
(1) Calculate NMNEHC based on the test fuel's ethane content as follows:
(i) If the content of your test fuel contains less than 0.010 mol/mol of ethane, you may omit the calculation of NMNEHC concentration and calculate the mass of NMNEHC as described in §1065.650(c)(6)(i).
(ii) If the content of your fuel test contains at least 0.010 mol/mol of C 2 H 6 , you may omit the calculation of NMNEHC concentration and calculate the mass of NMNEHC as described in §1065.650(c)(6)(ii).
(2) For a GC-FID, NMC FID, or FTIR, calculate NMNEHC using the THC analyzer's CH 4 response factor, RFCH4[THC-FID], and C 2 H 6 response factor, RFC2H6[THC-FID], from §1065.360, the initial contamination and dry-to-wet corrected THC concentration, THC[THC-FID]cor, as determined in paragraph (a) of this section, the dry-to-wet corrected CH 4 concentration, CH4, as determined in paragraph (d) of this section, and the dry-to-wet corrected C 2 H 6 concentration, C2H6, as determined in paragraph (e) of this section as follows:
NMNEHC = THC[THC-FID}cor − RF CH4{THC-FID} . CH4 − RF C2H6{THC-FID] . C2H6
Eq. 1065.660-7
Where:
NMNEHC = concentration of NMNEHC.
THC[THC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the THC FID.
RFCH4[THC-FID] = response factor of THC-FID to CH 4.
CH4 = concentration of CH 4, dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the GC-FID, NMC FID, or FTIR.
RFC2H6[THC-FID] = response factor of THC-FID to C 2 H 6.
C2H6 = the C 1 -equivalent concentration of C 2 H 6, dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the GC-FID or FTIR.
Example:
THC[THC-FID]cor = 145.6 µmol/mol
RFCH4[THC-FID] = 0.970
CH4 = 18.9 µmol/mol
RFC2H6[THC-FID] = 1.02
C2H6 = 10.6 µmol/mol
NMNEHC = 145.6 − 0.970 · 18.9 − 1.02 · 10.6
NMNEHC = 116.5 µmol/mol
(3) For an FTIR, calculate xNMNEHC by summing the hydrocarbon species listed in §1065.266(c) as follows:
Eq. 1065.660-8
Where:
NMNEHC = concentration of NMNEHC.
HC = the C 1 -equivalent concentration of hydrocarbon species i as measured by the FTIR, not corrected for initial contamination.
HC-init = the C 1 -equivalent concentration of the initial system contamination (optional) of hydrocarbon species i, dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the FTIR.
Example:
C2H4 = 0.9 µmol/mol
C2H2 = 0.8 µmol/mol
C3H8 = 0.4 µmol/mol
C3H6 = 0.5 µmol/mol
C4H10 = 0.3 µmol/mol
CH2O = 0.8 µmol/mol
C2H4O = 0.3 µmol/mol
CH2O2 = 0.1 µmol/mol
CH4O = 0.1 µmol/mol
NMNEHC = 0.9 + 0.8 + 0.4 + 0.5 + 0.3 + 0.8 + 0.3 + 0.1 + 0.1
xNMNEHC = 4.2 µmol/mol
(d) CH4 determination. Use one of the following methods to determine methane (CH 4) concentration, CH4 :
(1) For an NMC, calculate xCH4 using the NMC's penetration fractions, response factors, and/or combined penetration fractions and response factors as described in §1065.365, the THC FID's CH 4 response factor, RFCH4[THC-FID], from §1065.360, the initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected THC concentration, THC[THC-FID]cor, as determined in paragraph (a) of this section, and the dry-to-wet corrected CH 4 concentration, THC[NMC-FID]cor, optionally corrected for initial THC contamination as determined in paragraph (a) of this section.
(i) Use the following equation for an NMC configured as described in §1065.365(d):
Eq. 1065.660-9
Where:
CH4 = concentration of CH 4 .
THC[NMC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination (optional) and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the NMC FID during sampling through the NMC.
THC[THC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the THC FID during sampling while bypassing the NMC.
RFPFC2H6[NMC-FID] = NMC combined C 2 H 6 response factor and penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(d).
RFCH4[THC-FID] = response factor of THC FID to CH 4, according to §1065.360(d).
RFPFCH4[NMC-FID] = NMC combined CH 4 response factor and penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(d).
Example:
THC[NMC-FID]cor = 10.4 µmol/mol
THC[THC-FID]cor = 150.3 µmol/mol
RFPFC2H6[NMC-FID] = 0.019
RFPFCH4[NMC-FID] = 1.000
RFCH4[THC-FID] = 1.05
(ii) Use the following equation for an NMC configured as described in §1065.365(e):
Eq. 1065.660-10
Where:
xCH4 = concentration of CH 4.
THC[NMC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination (optional) and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the NMC FID during sampling through the NMC.
THC[THC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the THC FID during sampling while bypassing the NMC.
PFC2H6[NMC-FID] = NMC C 2 H 6 penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(e).
RFCH4[THC-FID] = response factor of THC FID to CH 4, according to §1065.360(d).
PFCH4[NMC-FID] = NMC CH 4 penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(e).
Example:
THC[NMC-FID]cor = 10.4 µmol/mol
THC[THC-FID]cor = 150.3 µmol/mol
PFC2H6[NMC-FID] = 0.020
RFCH4[THC-FID] = 1.05
PFCH4[NMC-FID] = 0.990
(iii) Use the following equation for an NMC configured as described in §1065.365(f):
Eq. 1065.660-11
Where:
CH4 = concentration of CH 4.
THC[NMC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination (optional) and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the NMC FID during sampling through the NMC.
THC[THC-FID]cor = concentration of THC, initial THC contamination and dry-to-wet corrected, as measured by the THC FID during sampling while bypassing the NMC.
RFPFC2H6[NMC-FID] = the combined C 2 H 6 response factor and penetration fraction of the NMC, according to §1065.365(f).
PFCH4[NMC-FID] = NMC CH 4 penetration fraction, according to §1065.365(f).
RFCH4[THC-FID] = response factor of THC FID to CH 4, according to §1065.360(d).
Example:
THC[NMC-FID]cor = 10.4 µmol/mol
THC[THC-FID]cor = 150.3 µmol/mol
RFPFC2H6[NMC-FID] = 0.019
PFCH4[NMC-FID] = 0.990
RFCH4[THC-FID] = 1.05
(2) For a GC-FID or FTIR, xCH4 is the actual dry-to-wet corrected CH 4 concentration as measured by the analyzer.
(e) C2 H 6 determination. For a GC-FID or FTIR, C2H6 is the C 1 -equivalent, dry-to-wet corrected C 2 H 6 concentration as measured by the analyzer.
[76 FR 57462, Sept. 15, 2011, as amended at 81 FR 74184, Oct. 25, 2016; 86 FR 34566, Jun. 29, 2021; 88 FR 4686, Jan. 24, 2023; 89 FR 29819, Apr. 22, 2024]
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