['Air Programs']
['Air Emissions']
03/22/2023
Copyright 2024 J. J. Keller & Associate, Inc. For re-use options please contact copyright@jjkeller.com or call 800-558-5011.
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This section specifies the information that must be in your application, unless we ask you to include less information under §1039.201(c). We may require you to provide additional information to evaluate your application.
(a) Describe the engine family's specifications and other basic parameters of the engine's design and emission controls. List the fuel type on which your engines are designed to operate (for example, ultra low-sulfur diesel fuel). List each distinguishable engine configuration in the engine family. For each engine configuration, list the maximum engine power and the range of values for maximum engine power resulting from production tolerances, as described in §1039.140.
(b) Explain how the emission-control system operates. Describe in detail all system components for controlling exhaust emissions, including all auxiliary-emission control devices (AECDs) and all fuel-system components you will install on any production or test engine. Identify the part number of each component you describe. For this paragraph (b), treat as separate AECDs any devices that modulate or activate differently from each other. Include all the following:
(1) Give a general overview of the engine, the emission-control strategies, and all AECDs.
(2) Describe each AECD's general purpose and function.
(3) Identify the parameters that each AECD senses (including measuring, estimating, calculating, or empirically deriving the values). Include equipment-based parameters and state whether you simulate them during testing with the applicable procedures.
(4) Describe the purpose for sensing each parameter.
(5) Identify the location of each sensor the AECD uses.
(6) Identify the threshold values for the sensed parameters that activate the AECD.
(7) Describe the parameters that the AECD modulates (controls) in response to any sensed parameters, including the range of modulation for each parameter, the relationship between the sensed parameters and the controlled parameters and how the modulation achieves the AECD's stated purpose. Use graphs and tables, as necessary.
(8) Describe each AECD's specific calibration details. This may be in the form of data tables, graphical representations, or some other description.
(9) Describe the hierarchy among the AECDs when multiple AECDs sense or modulate the same parameter. Describe whether the strategies interact in a comparative or additive manner and identify which AECD takes precedence in responding, if applicable.
(10) Explain the extent to which the AECD is included in the applicable test procedures specified in subpart F of this part.
(11) Do the following additional things for AECDs designed to protect engines or equipment:
(i) Identify the engine and/or equipment design limits that make protection necessary and describe any damage that would occur without the AECD.
(ii) Describe how each sensed parameter relates to the protected components' design limits or those operating conditions that cause the need for protection.
(iii) Describe the relationship between the design limits/parameters being protected and the parameters sensed or calculated as surrogates for those design limits/parameters, if applicable.
(iv) Describe how the modulation by the AECD prevents engines and/or equipment from exceeding design limits.
(v) Explain why it is necessary to estimate any parameters instead of measuring them directly and describe how the AECD calculates the estimated value, if applicable.
(vi) Describe how you calibrate the AECD modulation to activate only during conditions related to the stated need to protect components and only as needed to sufficiently protect those components in a way that minimizes the emission impact.
(c) If your engines are equipped with an engine diagnostic system as required under §1039.110, explain how it works, describing especially the engine conditions (with the corresponding diagnostic trouble codes) that cause the warning lamp to go on and the design features that minimize the potential for operation without reductant. Also identify the communication protocol (SAE J1939, SAE J1979, etc.)
(d) Describe the engines you selected for testing and the reasons for selecting them.
(e) Describe the test equipment and procedures that you used, including any special or alternate test procedures you used (see §1039.501).
(f) Describe how you operated the emission-data engine before testing, including the duty cycle and the number of engine operating hours used to stabilize emission levels. Explain why you selected the method of service accumulation. Describe any scheduled maintenance you did.
(g) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls within the required ranges we specify in 40 CFR part 1065.
(h) Identify the engine family's useful life.
(i) Include the maintenance instructions you will give to the ultimate purchaser of each new nonroad engine (see §1039.125).
(j) Include the emission-related installation instructions you will provide if someone else installs your engines in a piece of nonroad equipment (see §1039.130).
(k) Describe your emission control information label (see §1039.135).
(l) Identify the emission standards or FELs to which you are certifying engines in the engine family. Identify the ambient operating regions that will apply for NTE testing under §1039.101(e)(4).
(m) Identify the engine family's deterioration factors and describe how you developed them (see §1039.245). Present any emission test data you used for this.
(n) State that you operated your emission-data engines as described in the application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the requirements of this part.
(o) Present emission data for hydrocarbons (such as NMHC or THCE, as applicable), NOX, PM, and CO on an emission-data engine to show your engines meet the applicable duty-cycle emission standards we specify in §1039.101. Show emission figures before and after applying adjustment factors for regeneration and deterioration factors for each engine. Include emission results for each mode if you do discrete-mode testing under §1039.505. Present emission data to show that you meet any applicable smoke standards we specify in §1039.105. If we specify more than one grade of any fuel type (for example, high-sulfur and low-sulfur diesel fuel), you need to submit test data only for one grade, unless the regulations of this part specify otherwise for your engine. Note that §1039.235 allows you to submit an application in certain cases without new emission data.
(p) State that all the engines in the engine family comply with the not-to-exceed emission standards we specify in subpart B of this part for all normal operation and use when tested as specified in §1039.515. Describe any relevant testing, engineering analysis, or other information in sufficient detail to support your statement.
(q) For engines above 560 kW, include information showing how your emission controls will function during normal in-use transient operation. For example, this might include the following:
(1) Emission data from transient testing of engines using measurement systems designed for measuring in-use emissions.
(2) Comparison of the engine design for controlling transient emissions with that from engines for which you have emission data over the transient duty cycle for certification.
(3) Detailed descriptions of control algorithms and other design parameters for controlling transient emissions.
(r) Report test results as follows:
(1) Report all valid test results involving measurement of pollutants for which emission standards apply. Also indicate whether there are test results from invalid tests or from any other tests of the emission-data engine, whether or not they were conducted according to the test procedures of subpart F of this part. We may require you to report these additional test results. We may ask you to send other information to confirm that your tests were valid under the requirements of this part and 40 CFR part 1065.
(2) Report measured CO2, N2O, and CH4 as described in §1039.235. Small-volume engine manufacturers may omit reporting N2O and CH4.
(s) Describe all adjustable operating parameters (see §1039.115(e)), including production tolerances. For any operating parameters that do not qualify as adjustable parameters, include a description supporting your conclusion (see 40 CFR 1068.50(c)). Include the following in your description of each adjustable parameter:
(1) For practically adjustable parameters, include the nominal or recommended setting, the intended practically adjustable range, and the limits or stops used to limit adjustable ranges. State that the limits, stops, or other means of inhibiting adjustment are effective in preventing adjustment of parameters on in-use engines to settings outside your intended practically adjustable ranges.
(2) For programmable operating parameters, state that you have restricted access to electronic controls to prevent parameter adjustments on in-use engines that would allow operation outside the practically adjustable range. Describe how your engines are designed to prevent unauthorized adjustments.
(t) Provide the information to read, record, and interpret all the information broadcast by an engine's onboard computers and electronic control units. State that, upon request, you will give us any hardware, software, or tools we would need to do this. If you broadcast a surrogate parameter for torque values, you must provide us what we need to convert these into torque units. You may reference any appropriate publicly released standards that define conventions for these messages and parameters. Format your information consistent with publicly released standards.
(u) Confirm that your emission-related installation instructions specify how to ensure that sampling of exhaust emissions will be possible after engines are installed in equipment and placed in service. If this cannot be done by simply adding a 20-centimeter extension to the exhaust pipe, show how to sample exhaust emissions in a way that prevents diluting the exhaust sample with ambient air.
(v) State whether your certification is intended to include engines used in stationary applications. State whether your certification is limited for certain engines. If this is the case, describe how you will prevent use of these engines in applications for which they are not certified. This applies for engines such as the following:
(1) Constant-speed engines.
(2) Engines used for transportation refrigeration units that you certify under the provisions of §1039.645.
(3) Hand-startable engines certified under the provisions of §1039.101(c).
(4) Engines above 560 KW that are not certified to emission standards for generator-set engines.
(w) Unconditionally certify that all the engines in the engine family comply with the requirements of this part, other referenced parts of the CFR, and the Clean Air Act.
(x) Include good-faith estimates of U.S.-directed production volumes. Include a justification for the estimated production volumes if they are substantially different than actual production volumes in earlier years for similar models.
(y) Include the information required by other subparts of this part. For example, include the information required by §1039.725 if you participate in the ABT program.
(z) Include other applicable information, such as information specified in this part or 40 CFR part 1068 related to requests for exemptions.
(aa) Name an agent for service located in the United States. Service on this agent constitutes service on you or any of your officers or employees for any action by EPA or otherwise by the United States related to the requirements of this part.
(bb) For imported engines or equipment, identify the following:
(1) Describe your normal practice for importing engines. For example, this may include identifying the names and addresses of any agents you have authorized to import your engines.
(2) For engines below 560 kW, identify a test facility in the United States where you can test your engines if we select them for testing under a selective enforcement audit, as specified in 40 CFR part 1068, subpart E.
[69 FR 39213, June 29, 2004, as amended at 71 FR 39185, July 11, 2006; 72 FR 53131, Sept. 18, 2007; 74 FR 56508, Oct. 30, 2009; 81 FR 74135, Oct. 25, 2016; 86 FR 34504, Jun. 29, 2021; 88 FR 4659, Jan. 24, 2023]
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Copyright 2024 J. J. Keller & Associate, Inc. For re-use options please contact copyright@jjkeller.com or call 800-558-5011.