['Hazardous Materials Safety - OSHA']

['Compressed Gases', 'Hydrogen']

08/29/2023

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§1910.103 Hydrogen.

...

§1910.103 Hydrogen.

a) General. (1) Definitions. As used in this section (i) Gaseous hydrogen system is one in which the hydrogen is delivered, stored and discharged in the gaseous form to consumers piping. The system includes stationary or movable containers, pressure regulators, safety relief devices, manifolds, interconnecting piping and controls. The system terminates at the point where hydrogen at service pressure first enters the consumer’s distribution piping.

(ii)

Nature of location	Size of hydrogen system
Nature of location	Less than 3,000 CF	3,000 CF to 15,000 CF	In excess of 15,000 CF
Outdoors	I	I	I
In a separate building	II	II	II
In a special room	III	III	Not permitted
Inside buildings not in a special room and exposed to other occupancies	IV	Not permitted	Not permitted

Type of outdoor exposure		Size of hydrogen system
		Less than 3,000 CF	3,000 CF to 15,000 CF	In excess of 15,000 CF
1. Building or structure	Wood frame construction ¹	10	25	50
	Heavy timber, noncombustible or ordinary construction ¹	0	10	² 25
	Fire-resistive construction ¹	0	0	0
2. Wall openings	Not above any part of a system	10	10	10
	Above any part of a system	25	25	25
3. Flammable liquids above ground	0 to 1,000 gallons	10	25	25
	In excess of 1,000 gallons	25	50	50
4. Flammable liquids below ground— 0 to 1,000 gallons	Tank	10	10	10
	Vent or fill opening of tank	25	25	25
5. Flammable liquids below ground—in excess of 1,000 gallons	Tank	20	20	20
	Vent or fill opening of tank	25	25	25
6. Flammable gas storage, either high pressure or low pressure	0 to 15,000 CF capacity	10	25	25
	In excess of 15,000 CF capacity	25	50	50
7. Oxygen storage	12,000 CF or less ⁴
	More than 12,000 CF ⁵
8. Fast burning solids such as ordinary lumber, excelsior or paper		50	50	50
9. Slow burning solids such as heavy timber or coal		25	25	25
10. Open flames and other sources of ignition		25	25	25
11. Air compressor intakes or inlets to ventilating or air-conditioning equipment		50	50	50
2. Concentration of people ³		25	50	50
¹Refer to NFPA No. 220 Standard Types of Building Construction for definitions of various types of construction. (1969 Ed.)
²But not less than one-half the height of adjacent side wall of the structure.
³In congested areas such as offices, lunchrooms, locker rooms, time-clock areas.
⁴Refer to NFPA No. 51, gas systems for welding and cutting (1969).
⁵Refer to NFPA No. 566, bulk oxygen systems at consumer sites (1969).

	Size of hydrogen storage (capacity in gallons)
Nature of location	39.63 (150 liters) to 50	51 to 300	301 to 600	In excess of 600
Outdoors	I	I	I	I.
In a separate building	II	II	II	Not permitted.
In a special room	III	III	Not permitted.	Do.
Inside buildings not in a special room and exposed to other occupancies	IV	Not permitted.	Do	Do.
NOTE: This table does not apply to the storage in dewars of the type generally used in laboratories for experimental purposes.

		Liquefied hydorogen storage (capacity in gallons)
	Type of exposure	39.63 (150 liters) to 3,500	3,501 to 15,000	15,001 to 30,000
1.	Fire-resistive building and fire walls³	5	5	5
2.	Noncombustible building³	25	50	75
3.	Other buildings³	50	75	100
4.	Wall openings, air-compressor intakes, inlets for air-conditioning or ventilating equipment	75	75	75
5.	Flammable liquids (above ground and vent or fill openings if below ground) (see 513 and 514)	50	75	100
6.	Between stationary liquefied hydrogen containers	5	5	5
7.	Flammable gas storage	50	75	100
8.	Liquid oxygen storage and other oxidizers (see 513 and 514)	100	100	100
9.	Combustible solids	50	75	100
10	Open flames, smoking and welding	50	50	50
11.	Concentrations of people	75	75	75
¹The distance in Nos. 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 12 in Table H-4 may be reduced where protective structures, such as fire walls equal to height of top of the container, to safeguard the liquefied hydrogen storage system, are located between the liquefied hydrogen storage installation and the exposure.
² Where protective structures are provided, ventilation and confinement of product should be considered. The 5-foot distance in Nos. 1 and 6 facilitates maintenance and enhances ventilation.
³Refer to Standard Types of Building Construction, NFPA No. 220-1969 for definitions of various types of construction in congested areas such as offices, lunchrooms, locker rooms, time-clock areas.