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The amount of alcohol in a person’s body is measured by blood alcohol concentration (BAC). Many factors determine the level of alcohol in an individual’s blood at the time of an alcohol test.
A commercial driver’s BAC determines whether the individual is in violation of state traffic code and the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations. Enforcement often performs an alcohol test (if the officer suspects alcohol use) following a commercial motor vehicle crash or during a roadside inspection.
Alcohol tests are also required under specific circumstances for Part 382. These tests are performed by trained personnel at a clinic as a part of an employer’s DOT testing program.
Alcohol is absorbed through the walls of the stomach and the small intestines. It goes directly into the blood stream and throughout the body and to the brain. Its effects can be measured within 30 to 70 minutes after a person has a drink.
The type of alcohol does not affect an individual’s BAC. On average, a drink equals about half an ounce of alcohol (.54 ounces). This amount of alcohol is found in one shot of distilled spirits, one 5-ounce glass of wine, or one 12-ounce beer. How fast this alcohol enters the blood stream to raise the BAC varies on few factors, including:
Medication or drugs will not change the BAC but will further impair a person’s driving ability.
BAC readings and effects. The effects of alcohol on the ability to operate a motor vehicle can be seen in the following BAC readings:
BAC | Symptoms | Effects on driving |
---|---|---|
.02 |
|
|
.05 |
|
|
.08 |
|
|
.10 |
|
|
.15 |
|
|